Evaluating the Educational Impact of 3D-Printed Models in Cervical Laminoplasty Training: A Survey-Based Study

Background and objective The complexities of spinal surgery, particularly the intricacies of cervical pathology, demand precision and expertise in surgical interventions. Cervical laminoplasty is a procedure that requires meticulous execution and a profound understanding of delicate anatomical structures. Recognizing the limitations of traditional training methods, this study highlights the transformative impact of integrating 3D modeling and printing technologies into medical education. These technologies provide an immersive, interactive, and highly detailed training platform, enabling aspiring surgeons to visualize, dissect, and practice procedures in a risk-free environment. Beyond education, 3D models enhance patient-doctor communication, enable precise preoperative planning, facilitate custom implant design, and support a personalized approach to spinal surgery. Collectively, these advancements hold the promise of reducing surgical errors and improving outcomes. Materials and methods Thirty-eight participants, including neurosurgeons, residents, and medical doctors, were enrolled in this study. High-resolution CT scans, obtained with informed consent to ensure confidentiality and ethical compliance, were used to create the 3D models. These models, printed with polylactic acid (PLA) filament and refined through post-processing, achieved high anatomical accuracy and quality. The training program combined lectures, live demonstrations, and hands-on sessions with 3D models. Participants' experiences and perceptions were evaluated through a survey, focusing on the models' utility and realism in advancing surgical skills. Results The participants overwhelmingly praised the 3D models for their utility in helping to understand cervical laminoplasty concepts and enhancing their learning compared to traditional methods. The models were particularly valued for their accurate representation of anatomical structures and improved visualization of surgical steps. Notably, 81.6% of participants found the models extremely beneficial in planning surgical approaches. The survey results unanimously highlighted the transformative potential of 3D models in medical education. Participants strongly recommended their integration into training programs and preoperative planning processes, emphasizing their ability to elevate the learning experience and improve surgical preparedness. Conclusions Our findings show that 3D modeling significantly enhances training in cervical laminoplasty by providing superior learning tools and improving anatomical visualization compared to conventional methods. The unanimous endorsement from participants underscores the adaptability and precision of 3D models in medical education and preoperative planning. As an indispensable resource in modern medical training, these models represent a pivotal advancement in preparing surgeons for the complexities of spinal surgery.