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An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
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An electric field suffers a discontinuity at a surface charge. Similarly, a magnetic field is discontinuous at a surface current. The perpendicular component of a magnetic field is continuous across the interface of two magnetic mediums. In contrast, its parallel component, perpendicular to the current, is discontinuous by the amount equal to the product of the vacuum permeability and the surface current. Like the scalar potential in electrostatics, the vector potential is also continuous...
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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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When an electric field passes from one homogeneous medium to another, crossing the boundary between the two mediums imparts a discontinuity in the electric field. This results in electrostatic boundary conditions that depend on the type of mediums the field propagates through.
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In electrostatics, the electric field can be written as the negative gradient of the potential. In magnetostatics, the zero divergence of the magnetic field ensures that the magnetic field can be expressed as the curl of a vector potential. This potential is known as the magnetic vector potential.
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Vortex lattices of layered HTSCs at different vortex-vortex interaction potentials.

Valerii P Lenkov1, Anastasia N Maksimova1, Anna N Moroz1

  • 1National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, 115409 Russia.

Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology
|March 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Magnetization reversal in layered superconductors was simulated. Vortex-vortex interactions influence system clustering and melting, revealing insights into high-temperature superconductor behavior.

Keywords:
HTSCMonte Carlo methodhigh-temperature superconductorintertype superconductorsvortex latticevortex–vortex interaction potential

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Layered high-temperature superconductors exhibit complex vortex dynamics.
  • Understanding magnetization reversal is crucial for superconductor applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate magnetization reversal processes in a 2D vortex system.
  • To analyze the impact of different vortex-vortex interaction potentials.
  • To study vortex clustering and lattice melting.

Main Methods:

  • Monte Carlo simulations were employed.
  • A two-dimensional model of layered superconductors was used.
  • Interaction potentials relevant to intertype and ferromagnetic superconductors were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Vortex system clustering was observed.
  • The melting of the vortex lattice with increasing temperature was demonstrated.
  • The influence of interaction potentials on these phenomena was analyzed.

Conclusions:

  • Vortex-vortex interactions significantly affect the behavior of layered superconductors.
  • The study provides insights into the phase transitions of vortex systems.
  • Simulation results are relevant for understanding intertype and ferromagnetic superconductors.