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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

53
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
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Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
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Operant Conditioning Intervention01:24

Operant Conditioning Intervention

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Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
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Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid01:22

Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid

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Personality disorders represent enduring cognition, affect, and behavior patterns that significantly deviate from societal norms. These maladaptive traits often lead to difficulties in various domains, including interpersonal relationships, occupational settings, and overall psychological well-being. Paranoid personality disorder and schizoid personality disorder are two distinct conditions marked by odd or eccentric behavior.
Paranoid Personality Disorder
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Group Therapy01:26

Group Therapy

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Group therapy is a sociocultural approach to psychological treatment, where individuals with shared psychological challenges come together under the guidance of a mental health professional. This therapeutic modality offers unique opportunities for individuals to connect, share, and grow within the context of a supportive group. By fostering mutual understanding and collaboration, group therapy can address a range of psychological concerns effectively, often complementing or surpassing the...
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Social Anxiety Disorder01:28

Social Anxiety Disorder

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Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations where one might face humiliation, rejection, embarrassment, or negative evaluation. This disorder leads individuals to avoid activities like casual conversations, public speaking, or seemingly simple tasks such as eating, signing documents, or swimming, in public settings. Its impact extends beyond discomfort, often significantly interfering with daily functioning and quality of life.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2025

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
09:13

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 22, 2015

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Paths to Common Ground in ASD.

Einat Karin1, Nirit Bauminger Zviely1, Yael Estrugo1

  • 1Faculty of Education, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.

Autism Research : Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research
|March 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) build common ground (CG) less efficiently than peers. Vocabulary and Theory of Mind (ToM) support CG development, suggesting intervention targets for improved communication in ASD.

Keywords:
autismcommon groundsocial interaction

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Common ground (CG) is essential for effective communication and social interaction.
  • Understanding CG generation in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is crucial for developing targeted interventions.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated the cognitive mechanisms underlying CG formation in ASD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare CG generation between children and adolescents with ASD and neurotypical controls.
  • To investigate the roles of Theory of Mind (ToM) and Vocabulary in CG formation during peer interaction.
  • To explore potential intervention strategies for enhancing CG acquisition in ASD.

Main Methods:

  • Dyadic play task involving 84 children/adolescents with ASD and 56 controls (ages 6-16).
  • Structured task designed to probe CG production in an ambiguous setting.
  • Path analysis used to examine the contributions of ToM and Vocabulary to CG efficacy.

Main Results:

  • Both ASD and control dyads spontaneously generated CG.
  • Control dyads were more efficient, achieving common conceptualization faster and with fewer words.
  • Age and CG measures showed a correlation, indicating CG development over time.
  • Vocabulary and ToM independently contributed to CG efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Children with ASD generate common ground less efficiently than their neurotypical peers.
  • Vocabulary and Theory of Mind are key cognitive factors influencing CG efficacy.
  • Findings support the development of interventions targeting CG acquisition in ASD to improve daily life participation and communication.