Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Anions: Structural Overview01:18

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Anions: Structural Overview

2.6K
Neutral hydrocarbons like cyclopentadiene with an odd number of carbon atoms and one intervening CH2 group in the ring are not aromatic. Cyclopentadiene with 4 π electrons does not satisfy the 4n + 2 π electron rule. Additionally, the intervening CH2 group is sp3 hybridized and lacks a vacant p orbital, thereby interrupting the overlap of p orbitals in a continuous manner and preventing the delocalization of π electrons throughout the ring.
Due to the absence of continuous...
2.6K
Physical Properties of Alkanes02:33

Physical Properties of Alkanes

10.7K
Alkanes are nonpolar molecules due to the presence of only carbon and hydrogen atoms. The electronegativity difference between carbon and hydrogen is minimal, and hence alkanes have a zero dipole moment. This leads to the presence of only dispersion forces between the molecules. The strength of dispersion forces is dependent on the surface area of the molecules on which they act. Since the surface area increases with the molecular length for straight-chain alkanes, the dispersion forces also...
10.7K
Frost Circles for Different Conjugated Systems01:18

Frost Circles for Different Conjugated Systems

2.6K
The inscribed polygon method is consistent with Hückel’s 4n + 2 rule and helps to learn whether the given cyclic compound is aromatic or not. The compound is stable and aromatic if every bonding molecular orbital (MO) is completely filled with a pair of electrons. However, if the non-bonding or antibonding orbitals are filled with electrons, the compound is unstable and not aromatic. Consider the Frost circle diagrams for cycloalkenes containing 4 to 8...
2.6K
Mass Spectrometry: Branched Alkane Fragmentation01:29

Mass Spectrometry: Branched Alkane Fragmentation

868
This lesson delves into the mass spectrometry of branched alkane fragmentation. Branched alkanes possess secondary or tertiary carbon atoms, which generate relatively stable carbocations if the cleavage occurs at the branching point. The high stability of carbocations drives the instant fragmentation of branched alkanes. Accordingly, the branched alkane's molecular ion peak is very weak or invisible in the mass spectra, especially in comparison to a linear alkane.
868
Mass Spectrometry: Cycloalkane Fragmentation01:05

Mass Spectrometry: Cycloalkane Fragmentation

1.2K
In mass spectrometry, cycloalkanes exhibit distinct fragmentation patterns due to the inherent stability of their molecular ions compared to linear or branched alkanes. The ring structure of cycloalkanes provides additional stability to the molecular ions, often resulting in prominent ion peaks in the mass spectrum.
For example, cyclohexane molecular ions have a mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) of 84, which tends to produce a stronger signal than linear alkanes like hexane. This stability comes from...
1.2K
Alkyl Halides02:45

Alkyl Halides

15.7K
Structural Properties
Alkyl halides are halogen-substituted alkanes wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine. The carbon atom in an alkyl halide is bonded to the halogen atom, which is sp3-hybridized and exhibits a tetrahedral shape.
Unlike alkyl halides, compounds in which a halogen atom is bonded to an sp2 -hybridized carbon atom of a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) are called vinyl halides. Whereas aryl...
15.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cavity Constriction and Chiralization of Polyaromatic Subnanotubes via Post-assembly Ligand/Metal Modification.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Concurrent Enhancement of Thermopower and Conductivity via Modulation of Diacetylide-Electrode Coupling in Molecular Junctions.

Nano letters·2026
Same author

Construction of Well-Defined Yet Adaptable Oligo(Amino Acid) Cavities within an Aromatic Micelle.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2025
Same author

Hybridized Host Functions in Polyaromatic Tube-in-Capsule Composites.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2025
Same author

Multinuclear Cu <sub><i>n</i></sub> S <sub><i>m</i></sub> clusters encapsulated by aromatic micelles as aqueous red-to-NIR phosphorescent ink.

Chemical science·2025
Same author

Chiral Aromatic Micelles as Chiroptical Host Tools for Large Metallodyes in Water.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2025

Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow
09:04

Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow

Published on: April 18, 2019

12.3K

Discrimination of Perfluorinated Arenes/Alkanes by Modulable Polyaromatic Capsules.

Urara Kai1, Ryuki Sumida1, Yuya Tanaka1

  • 1Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Integrated Research, Institute of Science Tokyo, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|March 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Metal-linked polyaromatic capsules can now selectively bind perfluorocarbons (PFCs) in water. This cavity modulation strategy allows for precise recognition of different PFC types, including arenes and alkanes, at room temperature.

More Related Videos

Preparation of Hydrophobic Metal-Organic Frameworks via Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition of Perfluoroalkanes for the Removal of Ammonia
12:05

Preparation of Hydrophobic Metal-Organic Frameworks via Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition of Perfluoroalkanes for the Removal of Ammonia

Published on: October 10, 2013

15.4K
Formulation and Acoustic Modulation of Optically Vaporized Perfluorocarbon Nanodroplets
07:44

Formulation and Acoustic Modulation of Optically Vaporized Perfluorocarbon Nanodroplets

Published on: July 16, 2021

2.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 21, 2025

Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow
09:04

Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow

Published on: April 18, 2019

12.3K
Preparation of Hydrophobic Metal-Organic Frameworks via Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition of Perfluoroalkanes for the Removal of Ammonia
12:05

Preparation of Hydrophobic Metal-Organic Frameworks via Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition of Perfluoroalkanes for the Removal of Ammonia

Published on: October 10, 2013

15.4K
Formulation and Acoustic Modulation of Optically Vaporized Perfluorocarbon Nanodroplets
07:44

Formulation and Acoustic Modulation of Optically Vaporized Perfluorocarbon Nanodroplets

Published on: July 16, 2021

2.0K

Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Organic Chemistry

Background:

  • Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) are challenging to bind selectively due to fluorine's repulsive nature.
  • Existing methods lack efficiency and selectivity in capturing PFCs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a cavity modulation strategy for efficient and selective PFC binding.
  • To demonstrate the capability of metal-linked polyaromatic capsules in distinguishing various PFCs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing Pt(II)-linked and Pd(II)-linked polyaromatic capsules with cavity modulation.
  • Employing D-A-A-D π-stacking interactions for binding in aqueous conditions.
  • Testing selectivity with mixtures of perfluoroarenes and perfluoroalkanes.

Main Results:

  • Pt(II)-capsules quantitatively bind perfluoroarenes over perfluoroalkanes via π-stacking.
  • N-doped capsules enhance size-selective binding of perfluoroarenes.
  • Pd(II)-capsules exhibit length/shape-selective binding of perfluoroalkanes.
  • Recognition of substituted hydrogen atoms on perfluorobiphenyl achieved.

Conclusions:

  • Modulable polyaromatic capsules enable unprecedented discrimination of various PFCs.
  • The strategy offers selective PFC recognition under ambient aqueous conditions.
  • This breakthrough facilitates precise handling and differentiation of PFCs.