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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression
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Exploring Predictors of Passive Versus Active Suicidal Ideation.

Lena Spangenberg1, Heide Glaesmer1, Nina Hallensleben1

  • 1Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.

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This study found that passive and active suicidal ideation (SI) are linked, but individual experiences vary greatly. Affective states influence passive SI more directly than active SI.

Keywords:
ecological momentary assessmentidiographic analysispredictorssuicide ideation

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Mental Health Research

Background:

  • Passive and active suicidal ideation (SI) are related but distinct constructs.
  • Predictors for passive and active SI are presumed to differ.
  • Understanding the real-time interplay between SI and affect is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between passive and active SI and momentary affective states.
  • To integrate nomothetic and idiographic analyses for a comprehensive understanding.
  • To address knowledge gaps in the real-time dynamics of suicidal ideation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) via smartphones.
  • Collected real-time data from 54 psychiatric inpatients over six days.
  • Analyzed data using group iterative multiple model estimation (GIMME).

Main Results:

  • Significant contemporaneous paths were observed at the subgroup level.
  • Individual models showed substantial heterogeneity in the relationships.
  • Affective states had fewer direct paths to active SI compared to passive SI.
  • Passive and active SI were interconnected in most individual models.

Conclusions:

  • Heterogeneity in individual models suggests distinct developmental and maintenance pathways for SI.
  • Real-time, personalized data reveal complex dynamics of suicidal ideation.
  • Further research is needed to explore the nuances of SI and affective states.