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Artificial Intelligence in Facial Palsy Treatment: A Systematic Review and Recommendations
Seraina L C Müller1, Pablo Pfister1, Nadia Menzi1
1From the Departments of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic, and Hand Surgery.
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
|March 18, 2025
Summary
Artificial intelligence (AI) tools for facial palsy assessment are emerging, but lack standardized videographic emotion analysis. This review proposes standards to improve data consistency and guide surgeons in selecting AI applications for better patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Medical technology
- Computer science
- Ophthalmology
Background:
- Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in facial palsy research.
- Lack of standardized videographic assessment hinders AI tool development and data comparison.
- Existing photographic standards do not cover emotional expressions in videography.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review AI-based facial assessment tools in facial palsy.
- To propose videographic standards for emotion analysis in facial palsy research.
- To guide surgeons in selecting appropriate AI tools.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines.
- Searched Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register.
- Descriptive data evaluation and expert-based recommendations.
Main Results:
- 35 of 3,222 articles met inclusion criteria.
- Five AI applications analyzed facial palsy (static, dynamic, chemodenervation).
- Recommended minimum videographic assessment includes neutral and happy emotions.
Conclusions:
- No consensus on optimal AI-assessment software for facial palsy.
- Proposed flowchart aids clinician decision-making.
- Standardized videographic emotions enhance study consistency and comparability.
