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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography01:24

Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography

IntroductionUltrasonography, or renal ultrasound, is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and surrounding tissues.Indications for Urinary System UltrasonographyUrinary system ultrasonography is indicated in various clinical scenarios, such as:Kidney Stones (Urolithiasis): To detect and monitor the size and presence of kidney or urinary tract stones.Hydronephrosis: To assess the dilation of the renal pelvis and...
Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography01:22

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...
Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination01:28

Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination

Meaning of Cystoscopic Examination:Cystoscopy is an essential diagnostic tool in urology that is used to assess the structure and function of the genitourinary system. It provides a direct view of the urethra, bladder, and, in some cases, the ureteral openings. This procedure helps detect structural abnormalities, infections, cancers, and blockages in the urinary tract. There are two types of cystoscopy:Flexible cystoscopy is commonly performed in outpatient settings due to its less invasive...

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Surgical Management of Kidney and Ureteral Stones: AUA Guideline (2026). Part II: Evaluation and Treatment of Patients With Kidney and/or Ureteral Stones.

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Surgical Management of Kidney and Ureteral Stones: AUA Guideline (2026) Part I: Evaluation and Treatment of Patients With Kidney and/or Ureteral Stones.

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Surgical Management of Kidney and Ureteral Stones: AUA Guideline (2026). Part III: Treatment of Patients With Kidney and/or Ureteral Stones and Future Directions.

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Unplanned Health Care Utilization after Ureteroscopy with Ureteral Stenting: Results from the Study to Enhance Understanding of Stent-Associated Symptoms Cohort.

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A Prospective, Randomized, Noninferiority Study to Evaluate the Safety and Effectiveness of Steerable Ureteroscopic Renal Evacuation Compared with Standard Ureteroscopy: 30-Day Results of the ASPIRE Study.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Probe-based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy of the Urinary Tract: The Technique
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New Techniques and Technologies in Flexible Ureteroscopy.

Mohannad A Awad1,2, Brett A Johnson2, Margaret S Pearle2

  • 1Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Journal of Endourology
|March 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This guide details flexible ureteroscopy (URS) for complex stones, covering new technologies like advanced lasers and suction. It reviews indications, surgical steps, and complication management for effective treatment.

Keywords:
lithotripsysuctiontechnologyureteroscopyurolithiasis

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Minimally Invasive Surgery

Background:

  • Flexible ureteroscopy (URS) is a key procedure for treating kidney and ureteral stones.
  • Managing complex stones often requires advanced techniques and technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive guide to flexible ureteroscopy (URS).
  • To highlight newer techniques and technologies for complex stone management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of indications and preoperative evaluation for URS.
  • Detailed surgical steps, postoperative care, and complication management.
  • Exploration of advances in laser technology, suction mechanisms, and intrarenal pressure monitoring.

Main Results:

  • Flexible URS offers a minimally invasive approach to complex stones.
  • New technologies enhance stone-free rates and procedural efficiency.
  • Effective management strategies reduce complications.

Conclusions:

  • Flexible URS is an evolving procedure with significant advancements.
  • Integration of new technologies improves outcomes for complex stone treatment.
  • This guide equips practitioners with knowledge for optimal URS procedures.