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Interplay of transposable elements and ageing: epigenetic regulation and potential epitranscriptomic influence
Raquel García-Vílchez1, Diana Guallar1
1Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Barcelona Avenue s/n, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña 15782, Spain.
Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile DNA sequences vital for genome evolution. This review explores how TE activity is regulated and its connection to the ageing process, highlighting epitranscriptomic modifications.
Area of Science:
- Genomics
- Molecular Biology
- Epigenetics
Background:
- Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile genetic sequences integral to mammalian genome evolution and function.
- TE activity impacts genomic stability, gene expression, and chromatin structure, necessitating complex regulatory mechanisms.
- Understanding TE regulation is crucial for insights into genome dynamics and cellular processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent findings on the regulation of transposable elements (TEs).
- To examine the dynamics and connection between TE activity and the ageing process.
- To elucidate the role of epitranscriptomic modifications in controlling TE activity.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent research on TE regulation.
- Analysis of the interplay between chromatin state, DNA, RNA, and histone modifications in TE control.
- Exploration of the connection between TE activation and ageing.
Main Results:
- TE activity is tightly regulated by intricate mechanisms involving epigenetic and epitranscriptomic modifications.
- Emerging evidence points to a significant role for epitranscriptomic modifications in controlling TE activity.
- TE activation is increasingly linked to the ageing process and age-related diseases.
Conclusions:
- TE regulation is a complex interplay of epigenetic and epitranscriptomic factors.
- TE activation is a potential driver or marker of ageing.
- Future research could identify novel therapeutic targets for age-related conditions by modulating TE activity.
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