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Sociodemographic Influences on Suicide Risk Screening and Management in Hospitalized Youths.
Alexandra L Johnson1, Kelsey Porada2, Sarah H Vepraskas2
1Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
Hospital Pediatrics
|March 18, 2025
Summary
Hospital suicide-risk screening identified disparities in youth, with higher rates in Black or African American patients and girls. Positive screens were more common in Hispanic/Latino/Latinx patients and girls, impacting discharge and readmission.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Pediatric Healthcare
- Mental Health Services Research
Background:
- Understanding sociodemographic factors linked to youth suicide risk is vital for effective prevention and intervention strategies.
- Hospital-based suicide-risk screening is a critical tool for identifying at-risk youth during acute care encounters.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the relationship between hospital-based suicide-risk screening and sociodemographic characteristics in adolescent patients.
- To analyze discharge disposition and hospital reuse rates among youth with positive suicide-risk screens.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 5,261 pediatric hospital encounters (ages 10-17) from May 2021 to May 2022.
- Comparison of screening rates and outcomes across racial/ethnic groups, sex, age, and socioeconomic status using chi-square tests and logistic regression.
Main Results:
- Screening rates were higher for Black or African American patients, girls, and older adolescents (13-17 years).
- Positive suicide-risk results were most frequent among Hispanic/Latino/Latinx patients and girls.
- Black or African American patients were discharged home more frequently; those discharged home with positive screens had higher 7-day ED revisit rates (6.1%) compared to those transferred to inpatient psychiatry (2.4%).
Conclusions:
- Significant disparities exist in suicide-risk screening incidence and positive results based on race/ethnicity, sex, and age.
- Discharge disposition and hospital reuse patterns differ for Black or African American youth and those discharged home after positive screens.
- The study highlights the need to integrate social determinants of health into the care of hospitalized youth to address identified inequities.
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