Pulmonary artery thrombosis in preterm infants born to a diabetic mother: a case report

Pulmonary artery thrombosis in neonates is a rare entity. We describe a neonate with this diagnosis as well as his presentation, evaluation, and management. This case highlights the importance of cardiac ultrasound screening for neonates with high risk factors for pulmonary artery thrombosis without clinical symptoms, as it is not easily detected.

Here, we present an unusual case of a Chinese premature infant, born to a diabetic mother, in whom thrombosis developed in the main pulmonary artery 12 days after an exploratory laparotomy. The preterm infant had no clinical manifestations of pulmonary artery thrombosis, which was found by reexamination of cardiac ultrasound before discharge; after treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin sodium, the embolus became smaller, and follow-up examination was conducted after discharge, and the baby is now developing well.

Pulmonary artery thrombosis is rare in newborns, and asymptomatic manifestations are even rarer in this age group. For newborns with high risk factors, early cardiac ultrasound screening is very important.