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Related Concept Videos

Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

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Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
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Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early...
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How Reliable Is the G41 Discharge Code for Status Epilepticus?

Quentin Calonge1,2,3, Vincent Navarro1,2,3, Sophie Tezenas du Montcel4

  • 1Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute-Institut du Cerveau, ICM, INSERM, CNRS, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.

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|March 19, 2025
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The positive predictive value (PPV) of the G41 code for identifying status epilepticus (SE) varies significantly. Researchers should consider specific subtypes and diagnostic positions when using this code in epidemiological studies.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Epidemiology
  • Health Informatics

Background:

  • Medico-administrative databases are crucial for studying status epilepticus (SE) epidemiology.
  • The G41 ICD-10 code is commonly used to identify SE hospitalizations.
  • The accuracy, or positive predictive value (PPV), of the G41 code for SE is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the positive predictive value (PPV) of the G41 ICD-10 code for identifying status epilepticus (SE).
  • To assess how PPV varies across different G41 subtypes and diagnostic positions.
  • To provide recommendations for optimizing the use of G41 codes in SE research.

Main Methods:

  • Identified hospitalizations with G41 codes across five hospitals.
  • Reviewed medical records to confirm SE cases using sensitive and specific approaches.
  • Extracted clinical characteristics of confirmed SE cases.

Main Results:

  • The PPV of the G41 code ranged from 70.6% (specific approach) to 85.7% (sensitive approach).
  • G41 codes used as the main diagnosis showed higher PPV than those as secondary diagnoses.
  • PPV varied by G41 subtype, with G410 and G412 showing moderate accuracy for their respective SE types.

Conclusions:

  • The PPV of the G41 code for status epilepticus is variable and influenced by subtype and diagnostic placement.
  • Excluding specific G41 subtypes or hospitalizations with G41 as a secondary diagnosis may be necessary for studies demanding higher PPV.
  • Further research is required to establish the sensitivity and specificity of the G41 code for SE detection.