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Inflammatory changes in the prepuce and clinical findings according to the stages of phimosis

Gül Doğan1, Dilek Yilmaz2, Hülya Ipek1

  • 1Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hitit University, Çorum, Turkiye.

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
|March 19, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Circumcision in boys is linked to reduced urinary tract infections. This study found that earlier circumcision, especially with phimosis, may decrease inflammation and infection risk.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Urology
  • Inflammation Research

Background:

  • Circumcision is a common procedure in male children, often for preventing urinary tract infections (UTIs) and for religious reasons.
  • Phimosis, the inability to retract the foreskin, can be associated with inflammation.
  • Understanding the relationship between phimosis severity and prepuce inflammation is crucial for pediatric surgical decisions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the inflammatory processes in the prepuce.
  • To correlate inflammation levels with the degree of phimosis in pediatric patients undergoing circumcision.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study was conducted on 173 male children under 18.
  • Foreskin retraction was assessed using the Kikiros grading score.
  • Patients underwent physical examinations of the genitourinary system.

Main Results:

  • More advanced phimosis (Stage 2) showed mild to moderate inflammation.
  • Less severe phimosis (Stage 1) exhibited severe inflammation, suggesting easier contamination.
  • Younger age correlated with more advanced phimosis.

Conclusions:

  • Performing circumcision at younger ages appears beneficial.
  • Early circumcision may help prevent ascending urinary infections.
  • Reduced need for antibiotic treatment is a potential outcome of timely circumcision.
Abstract

Keywords:
CircumcisionKikiros gradechildrenphimosis

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