Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Moderating Effect on Autoimmune Celiac Disease Triggers

The only approved preventive treatment option GFD remains insufficient to manage Celiac Disease (CeD). A cohort of probiotic bacteria recently indicated that probiotic bacteria such as L. plantarum (LP) have a protective effect on CeD. LP has been a prominent probiotic, studied for numerous modulating properties. This review highlights and summarizes LP's ameliorating effect on various triggers/drivers of CeD. Probiotic LP potential for CeD is noticeable, mainly involving gut microbiota modulation, gluten digestion, intestinal homeostasis, CeD-associated pathogens reduction, and CD4 + T cell regulation. LP supplementation maintains intestinal physiology by improving the ratio of intestinal villus height to crypt depth. Gut microbiota modulation also improves tight junction proteins and the intestinal barrier. LP increases the digestibility of immunoreactive 33-mer gliadin peptides and regulates immune triggers such as CD4 + T cells. LP supplementation may minimize the gastrointestinal symptoms of CeD. Nevertheless, the therapeutic applicability of LP is subjected to significant clinical and nonclinical studies.