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Hidden in plain sight: antisemitic content in QAnon subreddits.
Dana B Weinberg1, Meyer D Levy1, April Edwards2
1Department of Sociology, Queens College-CUNY, Queens, New York, United States of America.
Plos One
|March 19, 2025
Summary
Online content is antisemitic when explicit and implicit language combine. This study reveals how QAnon communities use coded language, or "dog whistles," to spread antisemitic narratives, often evading moderation.
Area of Science:
- Social Sciences
- Communication Studies
- Online Behavior Analysis
Background:
- Distinguishing antisemitic online content is challenging, particularly with implicit language and conspiracy narratives.
- Implicit antisemitic content and conspiracy theories are increasing, even on moderated platforms.
- QAnon communities utilize specialized language, or 'dog whistles,' to convey antisemitic messages.
Purpose of the Study:
- To empirically map the connections between explicit and implicit antisemitic content.
- To analyze the language game within an online community identified as antisemitic.
- To provide a method for classifying online content as antisemitic.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of data from two QAnon subreddits (r/CBTS_Stream and r/greatawakening).
- Identification of co-occurring explicit and implicit antisemitic language.
- Application of content network analysis and qualitative coding.
Main Results:
- QAnon communities teach an 'insider's code' by linking implicit terms to overt antisemitic meanings.
- Over a third of QAnon users employed implicit antisemitic language, communicating narratives to an 'in the know' audience.
- Implicit language circumvents censorship, allowing for the spread of antisemitic ideas with plausible deniability.
Conclusions:
- The combination of explicit and implicit antisemitic language provides a clear indicator of antisemitic content.
- Implicit antisemitic language is a prevalent strategy in online communities for disseminating harmful narratives.
- Understanding these language games is crucial for identifying and addressing online antisemitism.
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