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Related Concept Videos

Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
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RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
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Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
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Using RNA-sequencing to Detect Novel Splice Variants Related to Drug Resistance in In Vitro Cancer Models
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Alternative splicing in addiction.

Akanksha Bhatnagar1, Elizabeth A Heller2

  • 1Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
|March 19, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alternative splicing, a process altering protein diversity, is increasingly recognized as a key factor in addiction. This review highlights how these splicing changes contribute to cocaine, alcohol, and opioid use disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Addiction is a chronic relapsing brain condition.
  • Transcriptional regulation is known to play a role in addiction.
  • Emerging evidence points to alternative splicing changes in addiction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of alternative splicing in addiction.
  • To discuss dysregulation of alternative splicing in substance use disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent genome-wide analyses.
  • Examination of evidence for alternative splicing changes.
  • Focus on brain reward regions.

Main Results:

  • Widespread alternative splicing changes identified.
  • Shifts in protein isoform diversity observed.
  • Dysregulation implicated in cocaine, alcohol, and opioid use disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Alternative splicing is a significant, underappreciated factor in addiction.
  • Understanding splicing changes may offer new therapeutic targets.
  • Further research into splicing mechanisms in addiction is warranted.