Biomechanical changes after total vs. resurfacing hip replacement: a systematic review

The purpose of this systematic review was to provide a comprehensive understanding of changes in kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activity between total hip arthroplasty and resurfacing hip arthroplasty during activities of daily living. Relevant articles were selected through MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. Articles were included if they met the following inclusion criteria: (1) participants underwent total hip arthroplasty or resurfacing hip arthroplasty without restriction on the arthroplasty design, (2) involved either kinematic, kinetic, or muscle activity variables as the primary outcome measure, (3) evaluated daily activities such as gait, sit-to-stand, stair negotiation, and balancing, and (4) were written in English. A total of 18 articles were included in the current systematic review. The resurfacing hip arthroplasty group exhibited faster functional recovery after surgery compared to total hip arthroplasty by improving the hip range of motions, peak vertical ground reaction force, and peak hip abduction moment. Evaluation of the biomechanical changes during stair negotiation and sit-to-stand transfers is further needed to evaluate comprehensive aspects of functional ability. The findings of this review provide a comprehensive overview and help to understand the biomechanical changes for patients with total hip arthroplasty vs. resurfacing hip arthroplasty during daily activities. Therefore, this review may serve as a basis for future studies potentially aiding in optimizing hip joint replacement.