Anatomical study of the superficial temporal artery

Area of Science:

• Anatomy
• Vascular Surgery
• Microsurgery

Background:

• The superficial temporal artery (STA) is a key vessel in craniofacial microsurgery.
• Assessing its anatomical variations is crucial for surgical planning.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the anatomical suitability of the STA for microvascular anastomoses.
• To identify variations in STA diameter, length, and branching patterns.

Main Methods:

• Human autopsy specimens (n=50) were analyzed.
• Measurements of STA diameter, bifurcation points, and branch characteristics were recorded.

Main Results:

• The STA averaged 2.2 mm diameter at the zygoma and 1.9 mm at bifurcation.
• 92% of specimens had usable branches (≥1 mm diameter).
• Suitable frontal branches were found in 90%, and parietal branches in 71%.

Conclusions:

• The STA is a suitable vessel for microvascular anastomoses in the majority of cases (92%).
• Anatomical variations exist, but suitable branches are common.
• A small percentage (8%) may lack appropriate vessels for such procedures.