Mycetoma in Somalia: an updated literature review

Mycetoma is a chronic disabling inflammatory disease characterized by the formation of granulomatous masses in subcutaneous tissue extending to the skin, deep tissues, and bones.

An exhaustive and detailed exploration of medical literature unveiled only 11 published articles addressing mycetoma in Somalia since 1927. Among these, six were case reports involving 12 patients, and three were case series encompassing 163 patients, resulting in a total of 175 reported cases. Notably, two articles in French lacking abstracts were excluded from the review. Considering Somalia shares geographical and environmental traits with other mycetoma-endemic regions, a heightened prevalence of the disease is anticipated in the country. It is essential to recognize, however, that mycetoma is not a notifiable disease, and the accuracy of disease reporting in Somalia is compromised due to various factors and consequently, the actual number of mycetoma cases in Somalia is likely to surpass the figures presented in this report.

Ongoing research, international collaboration, and efforts to improve healthcare accessibility and awareness are essential. Encourage country to make mycetoma a notifiable disease with the integration of data collection in the national health information system. Addressing the environmental determinants, describe true burden, disability, impact of quality life, and implementing preventive measures can contribute to mitigating the impact of mycetoma in Somalia.