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Changes in Trunk, but Not Limb, Lean Body Mass Contribute to Variability in Metabolic Adaptation Following Weight
C Martins1, B A Gower1, G R Hunter1
1Department of Nutrition Sciences University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama USA.
Obesity Science & Practice
|March 20, 2025
Summary
Metabolic adaptation during weight loss varies greatly. Changes in trunk lean body mass, not limb mass, significantly impact this metabolic adaptation variability in women.
Area of Science:
- Metabolic adaptation and body composition analysis.
- Human physiology and weight management research.
Background:
- Metabolic adaptation (MA) to weight loss exhibits significant inter-individual variability.
- Methodological limitations, such as not accounting for fat-free mass composition changes, contribute to this variability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how changes in trunk versus limb lean body mass (LBM) influence the variability of metabolic adaptation.
- To analyze this variability at the level of resting metabolic rate (RMR).
Main Methods:
- 116 premenopausal women with overweight participated in a weight loss program.
- Body composition (DXA), RMR (indirect calorimetry), and insulin sensitivity (SI) were measured pre- and post-weight loss.
- Multiple linear regression analyzed the contribution of trunk vs. limb LBM changes to MA variability.
Main Results:
- Significant variation in MA was observed after an average weight loss of 12.1 kg.
- Changes in trunk LBM, but not limb LBM, significantly contributed to MA variability.
- Adjustments were made for baseline RMR and changes in insulin sensitivity.
Conclusions:
- In overweight premenopausal women, loss of trunk LBM, not limb LBM, is a key factor in metabolic adaptation variability.
- This suggests that the loss of organ mass may play a more critical role than skeletal mass loss in modulating MA.
- ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00067873.
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