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Enhancing biofilm disruption and bactericidal efficiency using vancomycin-loaded microbubbles in sonodynamic therapy

Wen B Mu1,2, Li Q Yao3, Zi Y Guo2

  • 1Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China.

Jac-Antimicrobial Resistance
|March 20, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

This study shows vancomycin-loaded microbubbles (Van-MBs) combined with ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) effectively disrupt biofilms and kill bacteria. This innovative approach enhances antibiotic treatment for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI).

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a serious complication of joint replacement surgery.
  • Biofilm formation by bacteria is a primary challenge in treating PJI.
  • Current treatments often struggle to eradicate established biofilms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of vancomycin-loaded microbubbles (Van-MBs) combined with ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD).
  • To assess the impact of this combination therapy on biofilm disruption and bacterial killing.
  • To investigate the potential of this novel approach for PJI treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Van-MBs were prepared and characterized.
  • Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) assessed Van-MB penetration into biofilms.
  • Biofilms were treated with Van-MBs and UTMD, with subsequent analysis using CLSM, crystal violet staining, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and qRT-PCR.

Main Results:

  • Van-MBs demonstrated enhanced penetration into MRSA biofilms compared to vancomycin alone.
  • The combination of Van-MBs and UTMD significantly reduced biofilm thickness, viability, and biomass.
  • Treatment suppressed the icaA gene, disrupted biofilm structure, and caused significant bacterial cell damage.

Conclusions:

  • Van-MBs combined with UTMD show promise as an effective strategy against PJI biofilms.
  • This approach enhances antibiotic delivery and efficacy.
  • It offers a potential new therapeutic option for challenging periprosthetic joint infections.

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