A Review of CO₂ Hydrogenation to Liquid Fuels

The combustion of fossil fuels has led to a growing level of CO₂ in atmosphere. The study about relief CO₂ emission has received wide attention. Many researchers focus on converting CO₂ into liquid fuels by thermochemical hydrogenation route, since its broad application prospects. In this review, we systematically discussed four dominating catalytic systems for CO₂ to liquid fuels, including Fe-based, Fe-based/Zeolite, Co-based and Oxide/Zeolite catalysts. The catalytic performances and reaction conditions of different catalysts are compared. The reaction pathways and the roles of various active sites in different catalytic systems are discussed. At the same time, we propose possible research directions based on the current problems in these catalytic systems. We hope that this review could provide inspiration for the development of efficient catalysts, the exploration of reaction pathways and the construction of novel catalytic systems.