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Speakers use more pronouns when a referent is predictable, but only during social interaction. This study found implicit causality (IC) influences pronoun use in interactive contexts, unlike previous fragment completion tasks.

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Science
  • Computational Linguistics

Background:

  • A debate exists on whether referential expression specificity decreases with predictable referents.
  • Implicit causality (IC) elicits strong expectations for referent mention, making it a key test case.
  • Previous fragment completion tasks failed to show IC's effect on pronoun use, contrasting with recent storytelling findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if fragment completion tasks can detect IC's effect on pronoun use.
  • To examine the role of elaborated stimuli and social interaction in this effect.
  • To reconcile conflicting findings regarding predictability and pronoun use.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized fragment completion tasks with elaborated stimuli.
  • Incorporated social interaction into the task design.
  • Analyzed pronoun use in relation to implicit causality.

Main Results:

  • Implicit causality significantly guided pronoun use.
  • This effect was observed exclusively within a socially interactive context.
  • Fragment completion tasks detected the IC effect only when social interaction was present.

Conclusions:

  • Predictability increases pronoun use, supporting the hypothesis.
  • Social interaction is crucial for observing the effect of predictability on pronoun use in production.
  • Methodological choices, particularly social engagement, significantly impact findings in psycholinguistic research.