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Related Concept Videos

Hallucinogens and Psychedelics01:27

Hallucinogens and Psychedelics

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Hallucinogens are psychoactive substances that profoundly alter perceptual experiences, generating unreal visual and sensory images. Often referred to as psychedelic drugs — a term derived from the Greek words "psyche" (mind) and "delos" (revealing) — these substances include marijuana and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), among others. These drugs vary in intensity and effects.
Marijuana, derived from the dried leaves and flowers of the hemp plant, contains...
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CNS Stimulants: Psychedelic Agents01:22

CNS Stimulants: Psychedelic Agents

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Hallucinogens, also known as psychedelic drugs, are a class of substances known for their ability to alter perception, cognition, and emotions. Despite their profound effects on the mind, these drugs are non-addictive, setting them apart from many other abused substances. The mechanism of action of these drugs lies in their impact on the 5-HT2A receptor in the brain. Upon activation, this receptor couples to Gq-type G proteins, triggering a cascade that releases intracellular calcium. This...
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Altered States of Awareness01:06

Altered States of Awareness

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Altered states of consciousness represent significant deviations from one's normal mental state. These deviations can range from subtle changes in awareness to profound transformations in perception, thought processes, and sensory experiences. Altered states of consciousness can be triggered by various factors, including drug use, meditation, hypnosis, illness, or even intense fatigue.
The ingestion of substances like stimulants or hallucinogens leads to chemical alterations in the brain...
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An Overview of Psychoactive Drugs01:28

An Overview of Psychoactive Drugs

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Psychoactive drugs impact brain function, influencing perception, mood, consciousness, cognition, and behavior. These substances are grouped based on their effects and the mechanisms by which they act.
Stimulants such as cocaine, amphetamines, and nicotine enhance brain activity, leading to increased alertness, attention, and energy. These drugs typically raise heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature. While they can induce feelings of euphoria, their misuse can result in severe health...
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Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

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The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
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Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview01:28

Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview

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The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
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Psychedelic Drugs in Mental Disorders: Current Clinical Scope and Deep Learning-Based Advanced Perspectives.

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  • 1Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea.

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Psychedelic drugs show promise for treating mental disorders like anxiety and depression. Advanced approaches, including deep learning, are needed to personalize psychedelic treatments for better efficacy.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience and Pharmacology
  • Psychiatry
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Mental disorders, including anxiety, major depressive disorder (MDD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), are complex brain disorders with diverse etiologies.
  • Psychedelic compounds like psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) are emerging as potential therapeutic agents for these conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diverse pharmacological effects of psychedelics in mental disorders.
  • To discuss emerging perspectives on structural function, the microbiota-gut-brain axis, and the transcriptome in relation to psychedelic therapy.
  • To highlight the application of deep learning in optimizing psychedelic drug development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on psychedelic pharmacology and mental disorders.
  • Discussion of novel biological perspectives including the microbiota-gut-brain axis and transcriptomics.
  • Exploration of deep learning applications for big data analysis in drug development.

Main Results:

  • Psychedelics demonstrate potential therapeutic effects but their efficacy varies due to individual patient factors and complex disease mechanisms.
  • Understanding structural function, microbiota-gut-brain axis, and transcriptome offers new insights into psychedelic action.
  • Deep learning can analyze complex datasets to improve drug discovery and development.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing psychedelic drug development requires advanced approaches to address interindividual variability and complex pharmacological mechanisms.
  • Integrating insights from structural function, the microbiota-gut-brain axis, and transcriptomics, alongside deep learning, can enhance precision medicine for mental disorders.