CtMYB63 enhances the waterlogging tolerance of safflower through the JA signalling pathway

MeJA can help plants resist external stress, and waterlogging stress is the most serious stress for safflower. The mechanism by which MeJA (Methyl jasmonate) induction helps safflower resist waterlogging stress is unclear. Our results indicate that CtMYB63 responds to MeJA through the TGACG motif element, and MeJA induction can further increase the expression of CtMYB63. Under MeJA induction, CtMYB63 is expressed by regulating the transcriptional expression of CtDFR1, CtANS1 and CtANR1, thereby increasing the biomass and flavonoid content of safflower, but inhibiting plant elongation. Our waterlogging stress experiments further demonstrated that overexpression of CtMYB63 can enhance antioxidant enzyme activity to clear the accumulation of MDA (Malondialdehyde), H₂O₂, and O₂^-. We found that MeJA induction could further improve the waterlogging stress tolerance of overexpressed CtMYB63 and WT (wild-type) safflower. Still, the waterlogging tolerance of CtMYB63Δ was weakened due to the deletion of the TGACG motif element. Finally, we found through yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) and luciferase assays that CtMYB63 regulates the expression of downstream genes by binding to the promoters of downstream genes. However, CtJAZ9 inhibits the expression of downstream genes. In summary, our experiments show that CtMYB63 enhances the waterlogging tolerance of safflower through the JA signalling pathway, providing a new idea for improving safflower yield through molecular breeding.