Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

23.7K
The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
23.7K
IR Spectrum Peak Broadening: Hydrogen Bonding01:23

IR Spectrum Peak Broadening: Hydrogen Bonding

790
The vibrational frequency of a bond is directly proportional to its bond strength. As a result, stronger bonds vibrate at higher frequencies, while weaker bonds vibrate at lower frequencies. The stretching vibration of the strong O–H bond in alcohols and phenols (very dilute solution or gas phase) appears as a sharp peak at 3600–3650 cm−1.
However, the extent of hydrogen bonding influences the observed stretching frequency and band broadening. Intermolecular or intramolecular...
790
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

982
Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are...
982
IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations01:08

IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations

876
Identical bonds within a polyatomic group can stretch symmetrically (in-phase) or asymmetrically (out-of-phase). Similar to hydrogen bonding, these vibrations also influence the shape of the IR peak. Generally, asymmetric stretching frequencies are higher than symmetric stretching frequencies. For example, primary amines exhibit two distinct IR peaks between 3300–3500 cm−1 corresponding to the symmetric and asymmetric N-H stretching, while secondary amines exhibit a single...
876
IR Spectrum Peak Intensity: Amount of IR-Active Bonds00:55

IR Spectrum Peak Intensity: Amount of IR-Active Bonds

579
When infrared radiation is passed through a molecule, absorption occurs if the molecule's vibration leads to a substantial change in its bond dipole moment. Transitions between vibrational energy levels, typically corresponding to infrared frequencies (4000–400 cm−1), allow absorption if the vibration significantly alters the dipole moment, making the molecule infrared active. The molecular bonds have different stretching and bending vibrations, resulting in various peaks with...
579
NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction01:14

NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction

646
When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...
646

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Feasibility of upright carbon ion radiotherapy for prostate cancer: Dosimetric comparison between supine and upright postures.

Medical physics·2026
Same author

Amorphous Silica Obtained from the Zeolite Chabazite due to Structural Collapse under Mild Pressure-Temperature Conditions.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

Boson peak in covalent network glasses: Isostaticity and marginal stability.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Bulk Amorphous Alumina: The Density-Driven Interplay of Pentahedral Pyramids and Octahedra for High Dielectric Permittivity.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Quantifying upright positioning accuracy with optical surface tracking in radiotherapy.

Journal of applied clinical medical physics·2026
Same author

Critical fluctuations of elastic moduli in jammed solids.

Soft matter·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2025

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
08:55

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

8.4K

Relationship between the boson peak and first sharp diffraction peak in glasses.

Dan Kyotani1, Soo Han Oh1, Suguru Kitani2

  • 1Department of Materials Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan.

Scientific Reports
|March 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The boson peak (BP) dynamics in glasses are explained by heterogeneous elasticity theory (HET). Structural order, indicated by the first sharp diffraction peak (FSDP), determines BP characteristics.

More Related Videos

High Pressure Single Crystal Diffraction at PX^2
11:32

High Pressure Single Crystal Diffraction at PX^2

Published on: January 16, 2017

21.4K
Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene
08:44

Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene

Published on: August 22, 2017

7.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 21, 2025

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
08:55

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

8.4K
High Pressure Single Crystal Diffraction at PX^2
11:32

High Pressure Single Crystal Diffraction at PX^2

Published on: January 16, 2017

21.4K
Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene
08:44

Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene

Published on: August 22, 2017

7.7K

Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Materials science
  • Glass physics

Background:

  • The boson peak (BP) is a universal excitation observed in the terahertz spectra of amorphous solids.
  • Understanding BP dynamics is crucial for characterizing the vibrational properties of glasses.
  • Existing theories often struggle to quantitatively explain BP behavior across diverse glassy materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively evaluate the universal dynamics of the boson peak (BP) in various glassy materials.
  • To identify and extract the key determinants governing BP behavior using heterogeneous elasticity theory (HET).
  • To establish a predictive framework for BP dynamics based on material structure.

Main Methods:

  • Application of heterogeneous elasticity theory (HET) to analyze BP dynamics.
  • Quantitative evaluation of BP in a range of glassy materials.
  • Correlation analysis between BP determinants and structural parameters.

Main Results:

  • A strong correlation was found between the maximum coarse-graining wavenumber (a BP determinant in HET) and the first sharp diffraction peak (FSDP) wavenumber.
  • The FSDP, representing medium-range order, was identified as a key factor in determining the unit size of elastic modulus heterogeneity.
  • The magnitude of elastic modulus fluctuation was shown to influence BP frequency and intensity.

Conclusions:

  • The behavior of the boson peak in glasses can be quantitatively understood through a two-step process involving structural order and elastic heterogeneity.
  • Heterogeneous elasticity theory provides a robust framework for explaining BP dynamics.
  • The findings offer a new method for predicting and understanding the terahertz dynamics of glasses based on their structural properties.