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Lung cancer organoids: a new strategy for precision medicine research
Yuan Meng1,2,3, Xinyi Shu1,2,3, Jie Yang1,2,3
1Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
Abstract:
This article discusses new strategies for lung cancer organoids (LCOs) in precision medicine research. Precision medicine aims to identify and develop highly selective drugs targeted at specific disease markers for precise treatment. Given the genetic diversity among lung cancer cells, it is evident that different tumor cells may respond differently to various treatment regimens. LCOs can not only faithfully reproduce the pathological and genomic characteristics of samples, maintaining most variations, including driver gene mutations, but also preserve the cytological features of malignant tumor cells, showing a highly correlated in vitro drug screening response with the mutation spectrum in primary tumors. At this stage, several large-scale LCO biobanks have been established, providing ample sample resources for researchers. Based on this, the development of emerging technologies is expected to overcome limitations in the success rate, accuracy, and stability of the organoid culture process, significantly enhancing the level of precision medicine for lung cancer. This article mainly introduces the applications of LCO models in basic research, including the identification of drug targets, prediction of treatment efficacy, and overcoming drug resistance, assisting in the formulation of personalized treatment plans to improve treatment outcomes. Additionally, the article emphasizes the potential of cancer organoid co-culture models in the field of immunotherapy and their key role in advancing the evolution of precision medicine treatment strategies.
Insights
Lung cancer organoids (LCOs) faithfully replicate patient tumors, enabling precise drug screening and personalized treatment strategies. Emerging technologies will further enhance LCOs for improved lung cancer precision medicine.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Genomics
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Precision medicine in lung cancer requires understanding tumor heterogeneity.
- Lung cancer organoids (LCOs) offer a promising in vitro model system.
- Existing LCO models have limitations in success rate, accuracy, and stability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the applications of LCOs in lung cancer precision medicine.
- To highlight the role of LCOs in drug target identification and resistance prediction.
- To discuss the potential of LCOs in immunotherapy and personalized treatment strategies.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on lung cancer organoid models.
- Analysis of LCO applications in drug screening and resistance studies.
- Discussion of emerging technologies for LCO development.
Main Results:
- LCOs accurately recapitulate patient tumor characteristics, including genetic mutations.
- In vitro drug screening responses in LCOs correlate well with primary tumor mutations.
- Established LCO biobanks provide substantial resources for research.
Conclusions:
- LCOs are valuable tools for identifying drug targets, predicting treatment efficacy, and overcoming resistance in lung cancer.
- Advancements in LCO technology are crucial for enhancing lung cancer precision medicine.
- Cancer organoid co-culture models show significant potential in immunotherapy and personalized lung cancer treatment.
