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Targeting ncRNAs to overcome metabolic reprogramming‑mediated drug resistance in cancer (Review)

Junxin Li1, Yanyu Li1, Lin Fu1

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan 643000, P.R. China.

International Journal of Oncology
|March 21, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Drug resistance in cancer is a major challenge. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) regulate cancer cell metabolism, driving resistance and offering new therapeutic targets for combination therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cancer drug resistance is a significant clinical problem.
  • Metabolic reprogramming, including altered glycolysis, lipid metabolism, glutamine dependence, and mitochondrial dysfunction, is a hallmark of cancer and contributes to drug resistance.
  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play crucial roles in various cancers and are implicated in regulating metabolic pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the mechanisms by which metabolic reprogramming drives cancer drug resistance.
  • To emphasize the regulatory roles of ncRNAs in key metabolic alterations associated with drug resistance.
  • To discuss the potential of ncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for overcoming chemotherapy resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on metabolic reprogramming and ncRNAs in cancer drug resistance.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms linking ncRNAs to metabolic pathways (glycolysis, lipid metabolism, glutamine metabolism, mitochondrial function).
  • Exploration of ncRNAs as predictive biomarkers for chemotherapy response and as targets for novel therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Metabolic reprogramming significantly contributes to diverse molecular mechanisms of cancer drug resistance.
  • ncRNAs are key orchestrators of metabolic abnormalities that promote drug resistance in cancer cells.
  • Specific ncRNAs regulate glycolysis, lipid metabolism, glutamine metabolism, and mitochondrial function in the context of drug resistance.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNAs are critical regulators of metabolic reprogramming and drug resistance in cancer.
  • Targeting ncRNAs involved in metabolic pathways presents a promising strategy for combination therapy to overcome drug resistance.
  • ncRNAs hold potential as biomarkers for predicting patient response to chemotherapy.
Keywords:
drug‑resistantferroptosisglutamineglycolysislipid metabolismmitochondrionnon‑coding RNA

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