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Updated: May 21, 2025

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Nano-Scale ZrN Film Modified Zn Anode with Ultra-Long Cycle Life Over 5000 H.

Xuyang Lu1,2, Siling Liu1, Lei Zhang2

  • 1Institute of Micro/Nano Materials and Devices, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, 315016, China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|March 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary

A new Zirconium Nitride (ZrN) coating on zinc anodes prevents dendrite growth and corrosion in aqueous zinc-ion batteries. This enhances battery lifespan and performance, paving the way for practical applications.

Keywords:
Zn anodesZrN layeraqueous zinc‐ion batteriesdendrite growthplasma‐enhanced atomic layer deposition

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Zinc anodes in aqueous zinc-ion batteries suffer from dendrite formation, corrosion, and hydrogen evolution.
  • These issues limit the practical application and cycle life of these batteries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the limitations of zinc anodes by developing a protective and performance-enhancing surface modification.
  • To investigate the efficacy of Zirconium Nitride (ZrN) as a coating for zinc anodes.

Main Methods:

  • Uniform deposition of a 110 nm Zirconium Nitride (ZrN) layer on Zn anode using plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PE-ALD).
  • In/ex situ characterizations to analyze the properties of the ZrN layer.
  • Theoretical calculations to understand Zn2+ adsorption on ZrN and bare Zn.
  • Symmetrical cell testing (Zn@ZrN vs Zn@ZrN) and full cell testing (Zn@ZrN||MnO2 vs Zn||MnO2).

Main Results:

  • The ZrN layer effectively suppressed corrosion and hydrogen evolution.
  • ZrN demonstrated excellent anticorrosive and zincophilic properties, lowering the nucleation energy barrier for Zn2+ deposition.
  • Theoretical calculations confirmed higher Zn2+ adsorption on ZrN compared to bare Zn, regulating Zn deposition.
  • Zn@ZrN symmetrical cells achieved 5000 h of cycling life at 5 mA cm-2 and 1 mAh cm-2, and 1200 h at 1 mA cm-2 and 1 mAh cm-2.
  • Zn@ZrN||MnO2 full cells maintained high capacity after 1000 cycles, outperforming conventional Zn||MnO2 batteries.

Conclusions:

  • The ZrN coating significantly enhances the stability and electrochemical performance of Zn anodes.
  • This innovative interface strategy effectively inhibits dendrite growth and corrosion, extending battery cycle life and improving coulombic efficiency.
  • The developed Zn@ZrN anode shows great promise for high-performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries.