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The resurgence of monkeypox clade Ib: a global health emergency and concern

Suresh Kumar1, Gunasekaran Subramaniam2, K J Senthil Kumar3,4

  • 1Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Management and Science University, Seksyen 13, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40100, Malaysia. sureshkumar@msu.edu.my.

Archives of Virology
|March 21, 2025
PubMed

Insights

The monkey pox (mpox) virus clade Ib is resurging globally, increasing cases due to higher transmissibility. Enhanced surveillance and coordinated public health strategies are crucial for control.

Area of Science:

  • * Virology and Epidemiology
  • * Global Health Security

Background:

  • * The monkey pox (mpox) virus, particularly clade Ib, has resurged, leading to a global health emergency declared in August 2024.
  • * Increased transmissibility of clade Ib strains has driven a rapid rise in cases, especially in Central Africa, overwhelming existing public health measures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To review the current epidemiological situation of mpox clade Ib outbreaks.
  • * To analyze the clinical features and public health response to recent mpox resurgence.
  • * To highlight the urgent need for global strategies in diagnostics, prevention, and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • * Comprehensive literature review of recent mpox outbreaks and scientific publications.
  • * Analysis of epidemiological data and public health reports.
  • * Synthesis of information on clinical manifestations and control measures.

Main Results:

  • * Significant increase in mpox cases globally, driven by highly transmissible clade Ib strains.
  • * Disparities in diagnostic capabilities and healthcare infrastructure exacerbate underreporting in resource-limited areas.
  • * Potential for new variants to evade existing immunity necessitates ongoing vaccination for at-risk populations.

Conclusions:

  • * The mpox virus clade Ib resurgence requires immediate global attention and coordinated action.
  • * Strengthening diagnostic capabilities and healthcare infrastructure is essential, particularly in Central Africa.
  • * Continued vaccination and development of novel therapeutics are critical for mitigating future outbreaks and managing mpox globally.

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