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Eucalyptus oil: A promising anticoccidial agent with multifaceted protective effects
Jun-Jie Huang1, Jie-Yu Shi1, Kai-Yuan Li1
1College of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
Veterinary Parasitology
|March 21, 2025
Summary
Eucalyptus oil (EUC) shows moderate anticoccidial activity by reducing cecal damage and mortality in birds. This natural remedy also inhibits pathogen proliferation and promotes coccidial apoptosis, offering a promising alternative for coccidiosis control.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Parasitology
- Poultry Science
Background:
- Drug resistance in coccidiostats necessitates novel control strategies.
- Eucalyptus oil (EUC) exhibits known anti-malaria and anti-helminth properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the anticoccidial efficacy of Eucalyptus oil (EUC) against Eimeria tenella in a poultry model.
- To investigate the mechanisms underlying EUC's anticoccidial effects.
Main Methods:
- Poultry were infected with Eimeria tenella oocysts and treated with EUC or diclazuril (positive control).
- Macroscopic, histopathological, and ultrastructural analyses assessed cecal damage.
- Gene expression, redox balance, inflammatory markers, and Clostridium perfringens proliferation were evaluated.
Main Results:
- EUC supplementation reduced cecal damage, oocyst shedding, and mortality, with an anticoccidial index (ACI) of 160.
- EUC mitigated E. tenella-induced cecal injury, redox imbalance, and inflammation.
- EUC suppressed Eimeria invasion, enhanced coccidial apoptosis, and reduced Clostridium perfringens proliferation.
Conclusions:
- Eucalyptus oil demonstrates moderate anticoccidial activity.
- EUC's efficacy is linked to reduced E. tenella-induced injury, inflammation, and pathogen proliferation, alongside enhanced coccidial apoptosis.
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