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Investigating social cognition in Multiple Sclerosis: Does Implicit Biological Motion processing affect visuo-spatial

Sofia Bonventre1, Martina De Cesaris1, Massimo Bertoli1

  • 1Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies (ITAB) and Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. D'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.

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Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients show impaired visuo-spatial attention, particularly with local biological motion cues. This affects their ability to predict intentions, unlike healthy individuals who process global cues more effectively.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Clinical Neurology

Background:

  • Biological Motion (BM) perception is crucial for social cognition and understanding intentions.
  • Impairments in visuo-spatial attention and social cognition are observed in Multiple Sclerosis (MS).
  • Previous research suggests a link between BM processing and social cognitive deficits in neurological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in visuo-spatial attention between MS patients and healthy controls (HC) using BM stimuli.
  • To explore how global versus local BM configurations affect attentional orienting in MS.
  • To determine if MS patients exhibit deficits in processing predictive social cues from BM.

Main Methods:

  • A modified central cue Posner task was administered to 37 MS patients and 40 HC.
  • Biological Motion stimuli, specifically Point Light Walker (PLW) configurations (global and local), were used as non-predictive cues.
  • Response times and accuracy were measured to assess visuo-spatial attention and cue processing efficiency.

Main Results:

  • MS patients demonstrated overall slower responses compared to HC.
  • MS patients showed a reduced advantage of valid over invalid trials with local BM cues compared to global cues.
  • Performance in valid trials with local BM cues was significantly slower in MS patients than in HC.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest a potential impairment in the processing of local BM cues among MS patients.
  • This deficit may stem from difficulties in interpreting foot motion as biological information, diminishing cue predictability.
  • The study highlights a specific visuo-spatial attention deficit in MS related to processing subtle biological motion cues.