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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 27, 2026

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A power-distribution-ratio real-time tunable power divider based on active plasmonic waveguide.

Shun Lei1, Biao Zhu1, Mingzhe Hu2

  • 1School of Physics and Mechatronic Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, China.

Scientific Reports
|March 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a dynamic, controllable unequal power divider using spoof plasmonic waveguides and varactors. It enables real-time adjustment of electromagnetic energy distribution in the 4.5-6 GHz band.

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Area of Science:

  • Applied Physics
  • Electromagnetics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) offer unique electromagnetic wave confinement on corrugated metal surfaces.
  • Tunable microwave components are crucial for flexible signal processing and dynamic system reconfiguration.
  • Existing power dividers often lack real-time controllability over power division ratios.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate a novel dynamic controllable unequal power divider.
  • To achieve real-time tunability of electromagnetic energy allocation.
  • To explore the application of varactor-loaded SSPP waveguides in microwave circuits.

Main Methods:

  • Design of a double-sided corrugated metal strip coupled with single-sided plasmonic strips.
  • Integration of varactors within the coupling gap to modulate the coupling coefficient.
  • Electromagnetic (EM) simulations and experimental measurements for performance validation.

Main Results:

  • The proposed plasmonic power divider demonstrates real-time control over power distribution ratios.
  • Tunable operation achieved within the 4.5-6 GHz frequency band.
  • A maximum power allocation ratio of 2.7 was measured at 5.77 GHz, with good frequency selectivity and dynamic response to varactor voltages.

Conclusions:

  • The developed varactor-loaded SSPP power divider offers dynamic and controllable unequal power division.
  • This work paves the way for advanced spoof surface plasmon polariton applications in planar active microwave components.
  • The findings stimulate further research into SSPPs for future microwave circuits and systems.