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Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...

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Combined Invasive Subcortical and Non-invasive Surface Neurophysiological Recordings for the Assessment of Cognitive and Emotional Functions in Humans

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Deep Brain Stimulation Response Circuits in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

Andreas Horn¹, Ningfei Li², Garance M Meyer³

¹Institute for Network Stimulation, Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Biological Psychiatry

|March 22, 2025

Summary

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is advancing by mapping brain circuits and using adaptive, brain-sensing technology. This research aims to personalize DBS treatment for better symptom control in OCD patients.

Keywords:

Brain sensing Circuit therapeutics Deep brain stimulation (DBS)Neuroimaging Obsessive-compulsive disorder

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Neurosurgery
Psychiatry

Background:

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a rapidly evolving field with two major themes: connectomic DBS and adaptive DBS.
Connectomic DBS focuses on identifying and targeting specific brain circuits linked to symptom improvement.
Adaptive DBS utilizes brain sensing to identify neural biomarkers for closed-loop stimulation.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in DBS for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
To synthesize findings on brain circuits associated with OCD treatment response.
To conceptualize how to optimize DBS for OCD based on spatial and temporal domains.

Main Methods:

Review of key studies in DBS for OCD over the last five years.
Aggregation and condensation of findings in spatial and temporal domains.
Analysis of circuit-specific targeting and adaptive stimulation strategies.

Main Results:

Substantial progress has been made in both connectomic and adaptive DBS for OCD.
A clearer picture is emerging of the specific circuits involved in OCD and responsive to DBS.
Understanding dysfunctional brain activity in OCD is improving.

Conclusions:

Refined knowledge of OCD circuits and DBS response can personalize treatment.
Future DBS strategies will define optimal stimulation parameters (where, when, how) for individual OCD patients.
Anatomically defined circuits in typical OCD phenotypes can be adaptively targeted with DBS for maximal symptom improvement.