Enhancing Cisplatin Delivery via Liposomal Nanoparticles for Oral Cancer Treatment

Investigating the impact of liposomal Cisplatin on oral cancer cell line seeks to optimize drug delivery efficiency, decrease systemic toxicity, and amplify cytotoxicity specifically against malignant cells. Cisplatin was encapsulated within liposomal nanoparticles through thin-film hydration and extrusion methodologies. The physical and chemical characteristics of the nanoparticles, including zeta potential, size, drug load, and polydispersity index (PDI), were examined to evaluate their properties. The release of the drug was studied in a simulated body fluid environment in vitro. The stability of the nanoparticles was evaluated over a period of 45 days under normal bodily conditions. Ultimately, the liposomal formulations' efficacy was assessed in comparison to free drugs through cell viability assays conducted on the human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line CAL 27. The liposomal nanoparticles developed exhibited a favorable size range of 170 nm, a zeta potential of - 30 mV, and a low PDI of under 0.19, demonstrating uniform particle sizes. The encapsulation efficiencies were about % 90, and the drug loading capacities were sufficient. The in vitro release profiles displayed a sustained release pattern over 72 h. The liposomal formulations showed improved stability, with no notable changes in physicochemical properties throughout the study period. Cytotoxicity evaluations revealed that the liposomal Cisplatin formulation exhibited a remarkably higher cytotoxic effect on an oral cancer cell line relative to the unencapsulated drug. This research showcases the promise of liposomal formulations in optimizing the clinical efficacy of oral cancer treatments under superior drug delivery, diminished toxicity, and augmented cytotoxicity.