Association Between Hepatic Steatosis Index and Endometrial Cancer Risk: A Cross-Sectional Study

To investigate the relationship between hepatic steatosis index (HSI) and endometrial cancer (EC) and its diagnostic value for EC.

A total of 114 patients with pathologically diagnosed EC in Mindong Hospital, Ningde City, Fujian Province from 2016 to 2022 were retrospectively included as the EC group. A total of 175 patients with pathologically confirmed benign endometrial lesions (endometrial polyps and uterine submucosal fibroids) in the same hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. Non-parametric test were used to compare the differences in HSI and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) between the two groups, and the diagnostic value of HSI and NAFLD levels on EC was analysed. The cut-off point of continuous variables was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs).

The results showed that compared with the control group, serum GGT, CA125, HDL-C and HSI were significantly increased in the EC group (P<0.05). 27.19% of the EC patients (31/114) and 12% of the control group (21/175) had NAFLD, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The results of univariate logistic regression analysis showed that GGT, CA125, HDL-C, HSI and NAFLD were significantly correlated with the occurrence of EC (P<0.05). Further multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that CA125 and HSI elevation were independent risk factors for EC (P<0.05).

NAFLD is closely associated with EC, and elevated HSI is an independent risk factor for EC.