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Uric Acid and Atherosclerosis in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: Recent Progress, Mechanisms, and Prospect

Yuchu Liu1,2, Zeyu Li1,2, Yuanwen Xu1,2

  • 1Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

Kidney Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 24, 2025
PubMed

Insights

High uric acid (UA) levels in chronic kidney disease (CKD) accelerate atherosclerosis (AS) by increasing inflammation and oxidative stress. Managing UA is key to reducing cardiovascular risk in CKD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a widespread condition associated with elevated cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
  • Elevated serum uric acid (UA) is a common comorbidity in CKD patients and a potential contributor to cardiovascular complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the intricate relationship between uric acid and atherosclerosis in patients with chronic kidney disease.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms linking uric acid to cardiovascular complications in CKD.
  • To discuss therapeutic strategies for managing uric acid in this patient population.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating uric acid, chronic kidney disease, and atherosclerosis.
  • Analysis of mechanistic pathways including inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction.
  • Synthesis of current therapeutic approaches and future directions.

Main Results:

  • Elevated serum UA levels are prevalent in CKD and correlate with the development and progression of atherosclerosis (AS).
  • UA promotes AS through exacerbation of inflammatory processes, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction.
  • High UA levels can negatively impact renal function, creating a vicious cycle that increases cardiovascular risk.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive understanding of the UA-AS interplay in CKD is crucial for improving cardiovascular outcomes.
  • Targeting uric acid may represent a viable therapeutic strategy to mitigate cardiovascular risk in CKD patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
AtherosclerosisChronic kidney diseaseUric acid

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