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Updated: May 20, 2025

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Antimicrobial resistance: Past, present, and way forward

Ramashankar Rath1, Pradip Kharya1, Aroop Mohanty2

  • 1Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical sciences, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Indian Journal of Community Medicine : Official Publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine
|March 24, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant global health threat, particularly in low-middle-income countries. India

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • One Health Approach

Background:

  • Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical global public health challenge, disproportionately affecting low-middle-income countries.
  • Factors contributing to AMR include extensive antimicrobial use in humans, animals, and agriculture, over-the-counter antibiotic sales, and inadequate sanitation.
  • AMR is projected to escalate healthcare expenditures significantly in the coming years.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline India's national strategy for combating antimicrobial resistance.
  • To detail the programmatic considerations for addressing AMR development and transmission across all healthcare levels.

Main Methods:

  • The study reviews India's national program for AMR containment launched in 2013.
  • It examines the six identified domains within the national program.
  • The analysis focuses on the ongoing execution of the containment plan.

Main Results:

  • India launched a national program in 2013 to address antimicrobial resistance.
  • The containment plan is under execution but has not yet fully met its intended objectives.
  • Programmatic efforts aim to encompass all facets of AMR development and transmission.

Conclusions:

  • Addressing antimicrobial resistance requires a comprehensive, multi-sectoral approach.
  • Continued and enhanced programmatic efforts are crucial for effective AMR containment in India.
  • The national program seeks to integrate AMR control across all healthcare settings.
Keywords:
AMRIndiaway forward

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