Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Electroconvulsive Therapy01:30

Electroconvulsive Therapy

20
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early...
20
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

450
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
450
Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

1.0K
Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which...
1.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Autonomic Dysfunction in Long COVID Is Distinct From Pure Autonomic Failure.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology·2026
Same author

Interleukin 6 Receptor Blockade for Relapse Prevention in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease.

JAMA neurology·2026
Same author

Pontine Autosomal Dominant Microangiopathy with Leukoencephalopathy in a Hispanic Man Without a Family History.

Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association·2026
Same author

Characteristics and outcomes of intensive care patients receiving metaraminol infusion-a retrospective observational cohort study.

Anaesthesia and intensive care·2026
Same author

Expert Clinical Consensus on Body Surface Gastric Mapping Phenotypes for Gastroduodenal Disorders: 'Auckland Classification' v1.0.

Neurogastroenterology and motility·2026
Same author

Parietal thickness predicts middle temporal area (V5) motion responses in 7-year-old children born very preterm.

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2025

Visualizing Impairment of the Endothelial and Glial Barriers of the Neurovascular Unit during Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis In Vivo
10:50

Visualizing Impairment of the Endothelial and Glial Barriers of the Neurovascular Unit during Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis In Vivo

Published on: March 26, 2019

7.6K

Current and emerging therapies for autoimmune encephalitis.

Darina Dinov1, Linda Nguyen2, Kyle Blackburn1

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics
|March 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is an inflammatory brain disorder treated with immunotherapy. This review examines current treatments for AIE subtypes like anti-NMDAR and LGI1 encephalitis, highlighting evidence gaps and future therapeutic directions.

Keywords:
Autoimmune encephalitisanti-NMDA receptor encephalitisclinical trialsencephalitisimmunotherapy

More Related Videos

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
06:19

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: September 9, 2022

3.4K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Pathway Linking Obesity to Autoimmune Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis
08:17

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Pathway Linking Obesity to Autoimmune Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: February 23, 2024

3.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 20, 2025

Visualizing Impairment of the Endothelial and Glial Barriers of the Neurovascular Unit during Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis In Vivo
10:50

Visualizing Impairment of the Endothelial and Glial Barriers of the Neurovascular Unit during Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis In Vivo

Published on: March 26, 2019

7.6K
Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
06:19

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: September 9, 2022

3.4K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Pathway Linking Obesity to Autoimmune Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis
08:17

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Pathway Linking Obesity to Autoimmune Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: February 23, 2024

3.9K

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Neuroinflammation

Background:

  • Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is an inflammatory neurological disorder characterized by autoantibodies against neural or glial antigens.
  • Current immunotherapy strategies for AIE exist, but optimal treatment protocols for specific subtypes remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology of AIE based on autoantibody targets (cell surface vs. intracellular antigens).
  • To discuss current immunotherapy treatments for AIE, including side effect management and monitoring.
  • To examine evidence for treatment approaches in anti-NMDAR and LGI1 encephalitis and provide an outlook on future therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search of PubMed and Google Scholar (2005-2024) using keywords: 'autoimmune encephalitis,' 'anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis,' 'LG1 encephalitis.'

Main Results:

  • AIE pathophysiology varies depending on autoantibody targets.
  • Evidence for specific AIE treatments is largely from observational studies, necessitating further clinical trials.
  • Ongoing clinical trials and emerging targeted therapies offer promise for improved patient outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Immunotherapy benefits patients with AIE, but robust evidence for optimal strategies is limited.
  • Future clinical trials are crucial for establishing effective treatment guidelines and developing targeted therapies for AIE subtypes.