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Related Concept Videos

Rolling Resistance01:21

Rolling Resistance

247
When a solid cylinder rolls steadily on a rigid surface, the normal force applied by the surface on the cylinder is perpendicular to the tangent at the contact point. However, since no materials are entirely rigid, the surface's reaction to the cylinder involves a range of normal pressures.
For instance, imagine a hard cylinder rolling on a comparatively soft surface. The cylinder's weight compresses the surface beneath it. As the cylinder moves, the material in front of it slows down...
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Rolling Without Slipping01:09

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People have observed the rolling motion without slipping ever since the invention of the wheel. For example, one can look at the interaction between a car's tires and the surface of the road. If the driver presses the accelerator to the floor so that the tires spin without the car moving forward, there must be kinetic friction between the wheels and the road's surface. If the driver slowly presses the accelerator, causing the car to move forward, the tires roll without slipping. It is...
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Rolling Resistance: Problem Solving01:17

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Rolling resistance, also known as rolling friction, is the force that resists the motion of a rolling object, such as a wheel, tire, or ball, when it moves over a surface. It is caused by the deformation of the object and the surface in contact with each other, as well as other factors like internal friction, hysteresis, and energy losses within the materials. Rolling resistance opposes the object's motion, requiring additional energy to overcome it and maintain movement. In practical...
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Rolling With Slipping01:14

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Rolling with slipping is a physical phenomenon that occurs when a rolling object experiences both rotational and linear motion but also experiences frictional forces that cause slipping. This phenomenon can occur in various situations, such as when a tire rolls on a wet road or a ball rolls on a rough surface.
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Equation of Motion: General Plane motion - Problem Solving01:16

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Consider a lawn roller with a mass of 100 kg, a radius of 0.2 meters, and a radius of gyration of 0.15 meters. A force of 200 N is applied to this roller, angled at 60 degrees from the horizontal plane. What will be the angular acceleration of the lawn roller?
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Determining and Controlling External Power Output During Regular Handrim Wheelchair Propulsion
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Measurement of Wheel Skidding on Racing Wheelchairs.

Nolwenn Poquerusse1, Arnaud Hays2, Aurélie Cortial1

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Wheelchair racing performance is not significantly limited by wheel skidding. Laboratory tests show that the risk of skidding is minimal, with load and tire type being the main influencing factors.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Biomechanics
  • Engineering

Background:

  • Wheelchair racing research often focuses on ergonomics, kinematics, kinetics, and rolling resistance.
  • Wheel skidding is a performance-influencing factor, complementary to rolling resistance.
  • Understanding skidding risk is crucial for optimizing athlete and wheelchair performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify laboratory parameters influencing racing wheelchair skidding risk.
  • To measure skidding torque to quantify grip.
  • To optimize athlete-wheelchair-environment interaction for enhanced performance.

Main Methods:

  • A skidometer was used to measure torques and characterize tire grip.
  • Four parameters were examined: tubular type, camber angle, tire pressure, and applied load.
  • Testing was conducted on a dry athletics track at ambient temperature.

Main Results:

  • Only applied load and tubular type significantly impacted torque values.
  • The Vittoria Pista Speed 23-28″ tire minimized skidding risk.
  • Increased mass applied to the wheel resulted in higher torques.

Conclusions:

  • The risk of skidding in racing wheelchairs is unlikely, with measured torques (90-190 Nm) far exceeding typical para-athlete exertion (max 60 Nm).
  • Heavier athletes may require more force to induce skidding.
  • Future work includes adjusting torque application for realistic field conditions using the skidometer.