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Responses to Heat and Cold Stress

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress

Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.

Transcription

Transcription

Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...

Responses to Salt Stress

Responses to Salt Stress

Salt stress—which can be triggered by high salt concentrations in a plant’s environment—can significantly affect plant growth and crop production by influencing photosynthesis and the absorption of water and nutrients.

Responses to Drought and Flooding

Responses to Drought and Flooding

Water plays a significant role in the life cycle of plants. However, insufficient or excess of water can be detrimental and pose a serious threat to plants.

Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss

Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss

Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.

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Author Spotlight: Polysome Profiling Protocol for Studying Translational Regulation in Arabidopsis Under Heat Stress

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Transcriptomic Temperature Stress Responses Show Differentiation Between Biomes for Diverse Plants.

Samuel C Andrew¹, Rosalie J Harris², Chris Coppin¹

¹Agriculture and Food, CSIRO, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.

Genome Biology and Evolution

|March 24, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Plant transcriptomes show conserved responses to temperature extremes, with variations linked to arid, alpine, and temperate biomes. This reveals potential for predicting plant thermal tolerance using gene expression.

Keywords:

climate change vulnerability comparative transcriptomics de novo transcriptomics local adaptation photosystem II thermal tolerance

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Last Updated: May 20, 2025

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Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans

Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans

Published on: May 21, 2020

Area of Science:

Plant physiology
Molecular biology
Ecology

Background:

Plants rely on physiological plasticity to cope with environmental extremes due to their sessile nature.
Understanding transcriptomic responses to temperature extremes is crucial for predicting plant adaptation.
Photosystem II thermal tolerance is a key trait for assessing plant heat resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate variations in transcriptomic stress responses across Australian plant species from diverse environments.
To explore the relationship between gene expression and photosystem II thermal tolerance.
To assess the potential of conserved transcriptomic traits for predicting plant thermal tolerance capacity.

Main Methods:

Analyzed transcriptomic stress responses of 20 native Australian plant species using de novo transcriptome assemblies.
Utilized 188 RNA-sequencing libraries for gene expression analysis under hot and cold temperature treatments.
Compared gene expression patterns with photosystem II heat and cold tolerance traits.

Main Results:

Documented conserved transcriptomic stress responses related to signaling and stress pathways, consistent with model species.
Observed biome-specific variations in gene expression magnitude, with arid species showing distinct responses.
Found that gene expression plasticity and photosystem II thermal tolerance plasticity were largely independent.

Conclusions:

Conserved transcriptomic responses to temperature extremes vary among plants from different biomes.
Transcriptomic variation offers potential for characterizing plant sensitivity to temperature extremes.
Gene expression analysis can complement physiological traits in predicting plant thermal tolerance.