Impact of hypoxia on the hippocampus: A review

Oxygen is the most abundant chemical substance and is a basic material for human activities. A decline in oxygen concentration affects many physiological processes in the body, leading to pathological changes and even the occurrence of diseases. Therefore, an increasing number of studies have focused on the pathological state of hypoxia. The hippocampus is the most sensitive tissue to oxygen in the brain. The reduction in oxygen concentration affects the morphology and functioning of the hippocampus, including a decline in learning and memory, immunity, and energy metabolism, causing great problems to people's physical and mental health. To keep people healthy in hypoxic environments, adapt to hypoxic environments, and avoid diseases, it is necessary to review the morphology and function of the hippocampus, as well as the effect of oxygen on the hippocampus.