Current developments in 3D printing technology for orthopedic trauma: A review

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has emerged as a revolutionary tool in orthopedic trauma surgery, offering unprecedented opportunities for personalized patient care. This comprehensive review explores the current developments and applications of 3D printing in orthopedic trauma, highlighting its potential to address complex surgical challenges. We provide an in-depth analysis of various 3D printing technologies applicable to orthopedic surgery, including vat photopolymerization, material extrusion, powder bed fusion, and sheet lamination. The review examines the use of 3D printing in preoperative planning, surgical simulation, and the creation of patient-specific implants and surgical guides. We discuss applications across different anatomical regions, including upper limb, lower limb, and pelvic and spinal trauma. Evidence from recent studies demonstrates that 3D printing-assisted surgeries can lead to reduced operative times, decreased blood loss, improved fracture reduction quality, and potentially better clinical outcomes. This review synthesizes the latest research and clinical experiences, providing insights into the current state of 3D printing in orthopedic trauma and its future perspectives. As the technology continues to evolve, 3D printing holds promise for increasingly personalized and effective treatments in orthopedic trauma care, potentially transforming surgical practices and improving patient outcomes.