Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Explicit Memories01:27

Explicit Memories

74
Explicit memories, also known as declarative memories, are consciously remembered, recalled, and reported. Studying for a chemistry exam involves material that will become part of explicit memory. There are two types of explicit memory: episodic and semantic.
Episodic memory contains information about personally experienced events and is reported as a story. An example of episodic memory is recalling a birthday celebration. This type of memory includes the what, where, and when of an event, as...
74
Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

104
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
104
Chunking01:12

Chunking

41
Chunking is a powerful cognitive technique that improves short-term memory retention by organizing information into smaller, more manageable units. The brain, limited by working memory capacity, can more easily process and store information when it is divided into "chunks" rather than presented as discrete, unrelated elements. Chunking is especially useful when dealing with large amounts of information, such as numerical sequences, words, or complex ideas.
The principle behind chunking...
41
Long-Term Memory01:18

Long-Term Memory

78
Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
Long-term memory can be categorized into two primary types: explicit and implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative memory, involves the conscious recollection of information that we deliberately try to remember, recall, and articulate. This type of memory encompasses specific facts, events, and...
78
Storage01:23

Storage

57
A schema is a mental framework that helps individuals organize and interpret information. Schemata, formed from previous experiences, influence how we process new information: how we encode it, the inferences we make, and how we retrieve it. For instance, a schema for what a typical classroom looks like might include desks, a teacher's desk, a whiteboard, and students in such an environment. This expectation helps us quickly understand and navigate new classrooms without needing to analyze...
57
Introduction to Cognitive Psychology01:20

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

263
Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. It attempts to explain how and why we think the way we do by studying the interactions among human thinking, emotion, creativity, language, and problem-solving, as well as other cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology studies how information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing.
This field emerged in the mid-20th century, following a period dominated by behaviorism, which...
263

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Health behavior mechanisms linking childhood socioeconomic status to Alzheimer's disease and related dementia risk: Exploring gender and racial/ethnic differences.

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD·2026
Same author

At-Home Sleep Electroencephalography Assessment in Young and Older Adults Using a Novel Wireless Soft Electronics Sleep Monitoring System: Experimental Study.

JMIR formative research·2026
Same author

The Role of Sleep Duration and Age in Neural Reactivation and Episodic Memory Performance Across the Adult Lifespan.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference·2025
Same author

<i>Imaging Neuroscience</i> opening editorial.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2025
Same author

Factors Linking Interoception and Sleep Across the Adult Lifespan.

Psychophysiology·2025
Same author

Emotional Arousal-Induced Episodic Memory Benefits Are Attenuated in Autism Spectrum Disorders, Especially in Older Age.

Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research·2025
Same journal

Kat5 deficiency in alveolar type II cells licenses STAT6-driven glycolytic reprogramming and pulmonary fibrosis.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Continuous nonthermal slab gap formed by progressive tearing beneath Northeast Asia.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Zeolitic isolated protonic acid sites-mediated NH<sub>3</sub> storage for robust NO<sub>x</sub> removal.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Coaxially nested component with asymmetric fiber resonant cavity and separation membrane for gaseous and dissolved gases detection.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Near-unity charge readout signal in a nonlinear resonator without matching the sensor dissipation.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Prokaryotic Schlafen proteins cleave tRNAs during type III CRISPR immunity.

Nature communications·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2025

Combining Behavior and EEG to Study the Effects of Mindfulness Meditation on Episodic Memory
08:16

Combining Behavior and EEG to Study the Effects of Mindfulness Meditation on Episodic Memory

Published on: May 11, 2020

7.1K

Using machine learning to simultaneously quantify multiple cognitive components of episodic memory.

Soroush Mirjalili1, Audrey Duarte2

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA. soroushmirjalili@utexas.edu.

Nature Communications
|March 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals that memory performance is better predicted by analyzing multiple cognitive domains, not just one. This multidimensional approach improves understanding of why we remember some events and forget others.

More Related Videos

Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
11:01

Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: August 30, 2011

13.5K
Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
06:48

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: June 25, 2019

9.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 20, 2025

Combining Behavior and EEG to Study the Effects of Mindfulness Meditation on Episodic Memory
08:16

Combining Behavior and EEG to Study the Effects of Mindfulness Meditation on Episodic Memory

Published on: May 11, 2020

7.1K
Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
11:01

Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: August 30, 2011

13.5K
Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
06:48

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: June 25, 2019

9.1K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroscience
  • Machine Learning

Background:

  • Understanding memory formation is crucial for explaining event recall.
  • Previous research on memory encoding has limitations due to treating memory as a single process.
  • Episodic memory involves multiple contributing cognitive domains.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural basis of memory encoding by decoding brain states.
  • To improve prediction of episodic memory performance using electroencephalography (EEG) data.
  • To explore a multidimensional approach to memory decoding.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a machine learning algorithm, specifically transfer learning.
  • Analyzed electroencephalography (EEG) activity during memory encoding.
  • Incorporated brain states related to visual perception, sustained attention, and selective attention.

Main Results:

  • A multidimensional approach significantly improved the prediction of episodic memory performance compared to unidimensional methods.
  • Each cognitive domain (visual perception, attention) explained unique variance in successful memory encoding.
  • The findings provide a more nuanced understanding of memory encoding processes.

Conclusions:

  • Memory encoding is a multidimensional process, not a unidimensional one.
  • Transfer learning enhances the decoding of neural activity related to memory.
  • This methodology has potential applications beyond memory research.