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The effect of Arabic gum on gentamycin nephrotoxicity in mice: a pathological study
Liqaa Khalel Alhyali1, Firas Mohammed Abed2, Entisar Rahem Al-Kenanny3
1Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq.
Aim:
To investigate the effect of Arabic gum on gentamycin nephrotoxicity in mice kidney.
Methods:
Forty (40) mice were divided into five groups, eight mice in each. Group one (G1) stands for the negative control group. The second one (G2) was injected with gentamycin only, while the third one (G3) was given an Arabic gum orally 10g/kg. The 4th group (G4) was injected with gentamycin for 8 days, and then followed by Arabic gum orally for 8 days. The fifth group (G5) was injected with gentamycin plus oral administration of Arabic gum at the same time. A scoring system (+1-+4) was used to grade the histological features in the kidneys.
Results:
The results revealed a significant increase in body weight in G3 group only; this group presented a significant decrease in the level of both urea and creatinine. Group G2 showed a marked elevation in both serum urea and creatinine. Acute tubular necrosis (+4), in both G2 and G5. In G3, kidney sections presented mild cell swelling of the tubular epithelium in addition to the normal architectures (score +1), while G4 sections revealed tubular hyalin cast, expansion of glomerular tufts.
Conclusion:
The research indicates that gentamycin leads to kidney damage in mice. Arabic gum could be a treatment option although additional studies are required to determine the best dosing and timing, for optimal effectiveness.
Insights
Arabic gum may help protect against gentamycin-induced kidney damage in mice. Further research is needed to optimize its use as a potential therapeutic agent for nephrotoxicity.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Gentamicin is a widely used antibiotic with known nephrotoxic potential.
- Kidney damage induced by gentamicin poses a significant clinical challenge.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the protective effects of Arabic gum against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in a murine model.
- To assess the impact of Arabic gum on kidney function and histology following gentamicin administration.
Main Methods:
- Forty mice were allocated into five groups: control, gentamicin alone, Arabic gum alone, gentamicin followed by Arabic gum, and simultaneous gentamicin and Arabic gum administration.
- Histological examination of kidney tissues was performed using a scoring system to quantify damage.
- Serum urea and creatinine levels were measured to assess kidney function.
Main Results:
- Gentamicin administration significantly elevated serum urea and creatinine levels and caused acute tubular necrosis.
- Mice treated with Arabic gum alone showed a decrease in urea and creatinine and normal kidney architecture.
- Simultaneous administration of gentamicin and Arabic gum resulted in acute tubular necrosis, while sequential administration showed tubular hyaline casts and glomerular expansion.
Conclusions:
- Gentamicin induces significant kidney damage in mice.
- Arabic gum demonstrates potential as a protective agent against gentamicin nephrotoxicity.
- Optimal dosage and timing for Arabic gum administration require further investigation for maximum therapeutic benefit.
