Development of Polymer-Based Piezoelectric Materials for the Bone Tissue Regeneration

With the aging population, fitness issues, poor bone healing, and high infection rates are associated with bone fractures and other bone diseases. Nevertheless, traditional approaches and materials struggle to treat orthopedic diseases by loading exogenous stem cells, growth factors, or merely structurally simulating the bone periosteum. The advancement of biomedical materials has become critical in addressing the challenges associated with bone tissue regeneration, encompassing a range of conditions including bone wounds, inflammation, infections, fractures, and the degenerative effects of aging or metabolic disorders. Recently, polymer-based piezoelectric materials have emerged as a promising avenue for enhancing regenerative processes. These materials possess unique electrical properties that can stimulate cellular activities and promote healing, making them particularly suitable for bone tissue engineering applications. This review aims to delineate the multifaceted role of polymer-based piezoelectric materials in treating various bone-related ailments, highlighting their potential for active regeneration actively and pointing out the challenges and future research directions for piezoelectric materials in regenerative medicine for bone tissue engineering. By integrating insights from materials science and biomedical engineering to develop more effective strategies for managing bone tissue injuries and disorders, ultimately enhancing bone healing, promoting osseointegration, and accelerating tissue regeneration.