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Related Concept Videos

Properties of Transition Metals02:58

Properties of Transition Metals

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Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
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Electron Carriers01:24

Electron Carriers

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Electron carriers can be thought of as electron shuttles. These compounds can easily accept electrons (i.e., be reduced) or lose them (i.e., be oxidized). They play an essential role in energy production because cellular respiration is contingent on the flow of electrons.
Over the many stages of cellular respiration, glucose breaks down into carbon dioxide and water. Electron carriers pick up electrons lost by glucose in these reactions, temporarily storing and releasing them into the electron...
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Electron Transport Chain: Complex III and IV01:43

Electron Transport Chain: Complex III and IV

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During the electron transport chain, electrons from NADH and FADH2 are first transferred to complexes I and II, respectively. These two complexes then transfer the electrons to ubiquinol, which carries them further to complex III. Complex III passes the electrons across the intermembrane space to Cyt c, which carries them further to complex IV. Complex IV donates electrons to oxygen and reduces it to water. As electrons pass through complexes I, III, and IV, the energy released aids the pumping...
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Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

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Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...
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Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

20.4K
The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
20.4K
Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

416
In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
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Updated: May 20, 2025

Measuring Trans-Plasma Membrane Electron Transport by C2C12 Myotubes
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High Performance Electron Acceptors Containing Transition Metals.

Zheng Xu1, Shuhui Ding1, Wendi Shi1

  • 1State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|March 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed novel metal-containing molecules as electron acceptors for organic photovoltaics. The CH-Pt system achieved over 20% power conversion efficiency, revealing metal

Keywords:
Electron acceptorEnergy lossMolecular designOrganic metal complexOrganic photovoltaic

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Organic Electronics
  • Photovoltaics

Background:

  • Electron acceptors are crucial components in organic photovoltaics (OPVs).
  • Developing high-performance, stable electron acceptors remains a key challenge in OPV research.
  • The role of central metal atoms in molecular acceptors is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a novel molecular platform of transition metal-containing electron acceptors.
  • To investigate the impact of central metal ions (Zn, Ni, Pt) on acceptor properties.
  • To explore the relationship between metal-centered acceptors, blend morphology, and photovoltaic performance.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of novel conjugated molecules incorporating transition metals (CH-Zn, CH-Ni, CH-Pt).
  • Fabrication and characterization of ternary organic photovoltaics using these acceptors.
  • Analysis of the physicochemical properties of acceptors and nanoscale morphology of donor/acceptor blends.

Main Results:

  • A new class of high-performance electron acceptors based on transition metals was successfully established.
  • CH-Pt-based ternary organic photovoltaics demonstrated excellent power conversion efficiency exceeding 20%.
  • The study fully disclosed the dependency of central metals on acceptor properties, blend morphology, and device performance.

Conclusions:

  • Metal complexes can effectively serve as building blocks for high-performance electron acceptors in OPVs.
  • The findings provide valuable insights into the design principles for metal-containing acceptors.
  • This work guides the rational design of next-generation organic photovoltaic materials.