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Related Concept Videos

Genomics02:02

Genomics

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

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The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features....
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Hardy-Weinberg Principle01:49

Hardy-Weinberg Principle

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Diploid organisms have two alleles of each gene, one from each parent, in their somatic cells. Therefore, each individual contributes two alleles to the gene pool of the population. The gene pool of a population is the sum of every allele of all genes within that population and has some degree of variation. Genetic variation is typically expressed as a relative frequency, which is the percentage of the total population that has a given allele, genotype or phenotype.
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Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

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Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
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Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes00:58

Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes

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Eukaryotes have large genomes compared to prokaryotes. To fit their genomes into a cell, eukaryotic DNA is packaged extraordinarily tightly inside the nucleus. To achieve this, DNA is tightly wound around proteins called histones, which are packaged into nucleosomes that are joined by linker DNA and coil into chromatin fibers. Additional fibrous proteins further compact the chromatin, which is recognizable as chromosomes during certain phases of cell division.
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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2025

Author Spotlight: Biological Standardization to Ensure Reproducibility and Harmonization in Research
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Author Spotlight: Biological Standardization to Ensure Reproducibility and Harmonization in Research

Published on: August 4, 2023

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A standards perspective on genomic data reusability and reproducibility.

Ishi Keenum1, Scott A Jackson2, Emiley Eloe-Fadrosh3

  • 1Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geospatial Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States.

Frontiers in Bioinformatics
|March 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Genomic data reuse is crucial but faces technical and social hurdles. Addressing these requires standardized protocols, ethical guidelines, and cross-disciplinary collaboration for open science.

Keywords:
AIgenomicsmetagenomicsreproducibilityreusestandards

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics and Metagenomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Data Science

Background:

  • Genomic and metagenomic data offer immense potential for research advancement and clinical applications.
  • Effective reuse of this data is hindered by significant technical and social challenges.
  • Reproducibility and data accessibility remain critical issues in genomic sciences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the challenges and opportunities in reusing genomic and metagenomic data.
  • To identify strategies for enhancing data reproducibility and accessibility.
  • To foster collaboration and innovation in the genomic sciences.

Main Methods:

  • A 5-part seminar series titled "A Year of Data Reuse" was hosted in 2024.
  • The series involved experts from the International Microbiome and Multi'Omics Standards Alliance (IMMSA) and the Genomic Standards Consortium (GSC).
  • Discussions focused on challenges and solutions across various domains of genomic sciences.

Main Results:

  • Identified key challenges in genomic data reuse, including technical and social barriers.
  • Highlighted the need for common metadata reporting, standardized protocols, and improved data management infrastructure.
  • Emphasized the importance of ethical guidelines, clear communication, and collaborative policies.

Conclusions:

  • Responsible and feasible data reuse necessitates a multifaceted approach.
  • Addressing data reproducibility challenges requires cross-disciplinary efforts.
  • Prioritizing transparency and accessibility is essential for open science and data-driven innovation.