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Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Relative risk (RR) is a statistical measure commonly used in epidemiology to compare the likelihood of a particular event occurring between two groups. This metric is important for evaluating the relationship between exposure to a specific risk factor and the probability of a particular outcome. It plays a crucial role in medical research, public health studies, and risk assessment. Relative risk quantifies how much more (or less) likely an event is to occur in an exposed group compared to an...
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Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
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Lifestyle factors play a critical role in maintaining overall health and preventing chronic diseases. Key elements, such as regular physical activity, a nutritious diet, and abstinence from smoking, can significantly enhance physical, mental, and emotional well-being while reducing the risk of several life-threatening conditions.
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Updated: May 20, 2025

Detecting Anastasis In Vivo by CaspaseTracker Biosensor
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Rurality, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Early Cardiovascular Disease Among Childhood, Adolescent, and Young Adult

David H Noyd1,2, Anna Bailey3, Amanda Janitz3

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Cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) did not predict early cardiovascular disease (CVD) in cancer survivors. However, survivors from rural areas showed a higher risk of developing CVD.

Keywords:
Clinical Research Informaticscardio-oncologylate effects from childhood cancersurvivorship

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cardiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant concern for cancer survivors due to cardiotoxic treatments.
  • Cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) are known to potentiate CVD risk later in life.
  • The association between baseline CVRFs and early CVD in cancer survivors requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association of baseline cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the early survivorship period among young cancer patients.
  • To assess the feasibility of using informatics methods to identify CVRFs in cancer survivors.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 731 cancer survivors (ages 0-29 at diagnosis) diagnosed between 2010-2017.
  • Extraction of CVRFs (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity) from electronic health records within 1 year of diagnosis.
  • Statistical analysis to determine associations between CVRFs, insurance status, geographic location (rural vs. urban), and CVD incidence between 1-5 years post-diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • 1.4% of survivors developed CVD between 1-5 years post-diagnosis.
  • Public health insurance and late effects risk strata were positively associated with CVD.
  • Survivors from rural areas had a 4.1 times greater risk of CVD compared to urban survivors, even after adjustment.

Conclusions:

  • Informatics methods are feasible for identifying CVRFs in cancer survivors.
  • Baseline CVRFs were not associated with CVD in the early survivorship period.
  • Survivors residing in rural areas face a significantly higher risk of developing CVD.