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P-N junction

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A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2025

Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Published on: March 19, 2017

Lead-Free, Sn-Based All-Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells with an Efficiency Over 15.

Saemon Yoon¹, Jun Ryu¹, SungWon Cho¹

¹Department of Smart Cities, Chung-Ang University (CAU), Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

|March 25, 2025

Summary

Dimethylammonium (DMA) substitution in tin-based perovskite solar cells (TPSCs) enables wide-bandgap devices without complex halogen tuning. This strategy advances efficient, lead-free perovskite photovoltaics for tandem applications.

Keywords:

dimethylammonium incorporation lead‐free tandem solar cells semi‐transparent tin‐based perovskites wide bandgap

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Last Updated: May 20, 2025

Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

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Published on: March 19, 2017

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Influence of Hybrid Perovskite Fabrication Methods on Film Formation, Electronic Structure, and Solar Cell Performance

Influence of Hybrid Perovskite Fabrication Methods on Film Formation, Electronic Structure, and Solar Cell Performance

Published on: February 27, 2017

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Renewable Energy
Photovoltaics

Background:

Tin-based perovskite solar cells (TPSCs) show promise for efficient photovoltaics.
Progress in wide-bandgap (WBG) TPSCs is hindered by challenges in halogen composition tuning and phase segregation.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a halogen composition-independent strategy for WBG TPSCs.
To enhance charge extraction and film morphology in TPSCs.
To create efficient lead-free perovskite tandem solar cells.

Main Methods:

Partial substitution of formamidinium with dimethylammonium (DMA) in the A-site of the perovskite lattice.
Structural, optical, and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy analyses.
Fabrication of semi-transparent TPSCs (ST-TPSCs) and four-terminal perovskite tandem devices.

Main Results:

DMA incorporation widened the bandgap from 1.63 to 1.72 eV without additional bromine.
Enhanced crystallinity, reduced strain, improved film morphology, and better band alignment were observed.
ST-TPSCs achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.37% with high near-infrared transmittance.
The first four-terminal, lead-free perovskite tandem device reached a combined PCE of 15.02%.

Conclusions:

DMA substitution offers an effective, halogen-independent route to WBG TPSCs.
This approach facilitates high-efficiency, eco-friendly photovoltaic devices.
Tin-based perovskites are a promising material for next-generation tandem solar cells.