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Exploring the Dynamical Interplay between Mass-Energy Equivalence, Interactions, and Entanglement in an Optical
Anjun Chu1,2, Victor J Martínez-Lahuerta3, Maya Miklos1
1University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA.
Physical Review Letters
|March 25, 2025
Summary
We propose protocols to test mass-energy equivalence using quantum entanglement in optical lattice clocks. Synchronization time reveals metrological gain, enhancing quantum measurements and exploring general relativity effects.
Area of Science:
- Quantum physics
- Atomic clocks
- General relativity
Background:
- Optical lattice clocks are highly precise timekeeping devices.
- Mass-energy equivalence describes the relationship between mass and energy.
- Quantum entanglement and coherence are crucial for advanced metrology.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose protocols for probing mass-energy equivalence effects in optical lattice clocks.
- To investigate the interplay between gravitational redshift and photon-mediated interactions.
- To explore the use of quantum entanglement for enhanced metrological gain.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing spin-coherent and entangled quantum states in optical lattice clocks.
- Devising a dressing protocol with an additional nuclear spin state.
- Analyzing the dynamics of photon-mediated interactions and gravitational redshift.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated entanglement generation and frequency synchronization dynamics.
- Showed that synchronization time depends on initial entanglement.
- Established synchronization time as a proxy for metrological gain.
Conclusions:
- The proposed protocols enable novel tests of mass-energy equivalence using quantum phenomena.
- Quantum entanglement can enhance the metrological performance of atomic clocks.
- This research opens avenues for exploring general relativity's impact on quantum systems.
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